1.
1st degree sprain: ligaments/tendons are stretched
2.
2nd degree sprain: ligaments/tendons are torn
3.
3rd degree sprain: ligaments/tendons are completely torn
4.
active immunity: type of immunity when antibodies are made from fighting the disease
5.
adolescence: the time of development between childhood and adulthood
6.
afterbirth: expulsion of placenta
7.
anemia: condition where iron in blood is low
8.
antigen: fancy science word for germ
9.
arteries: blood vessels that carry blood away from the heart
10.
asthma: when airflow is constricted
11.
atherosclerosis: build up plaque on arterial walls
12.
autonomic nervous system: responsible for involuntary actions
13.
B - Cells: white blood cells that carry antibodies to kill specific harmful invaders
14.
bone marrow: produces blood
15.
bronchitis: infection of the bronchi
16.
caffeine: a mild addictive stimulant
17.
calcium and phosphorus: important minerals stored in bone
18.
calibration: to mark and number a scale according to a standard
19.
calorie: a measure of the energy in food
20.
capillaries: microscopic blood vessels one cell thick that deliver nutrients and oxygen to cells and remove their wastes
21.
carbohydrate: (glucose) food that provides energy
22.
cartilage: rubbery material that reduces friction at joints
23.
cell: the basic unit of life
24.
cellular respiration: using glucose and oxygen to produce energy with waste products of CO2 and H2O
25.
central nervous system: makes up the brain and spinal cord
26.
cerebrospinal fluid: bluish fluid that surrounds and protects the brain and spinal cord
27.
chemical digestion: the breakdown of foods on a molecular level
28.
cilia: microscopic hairs in the body
29.
circulatory system: system that transports materials throughout body
30.
contagious: description of an infectious disease
31.
delivery: expulsion of fetus
32.
dendrite: part of the neuron that receives nerve impulses
33.
density: a measure of mass per unit of volume of a substance
34.
dependence / addiction: when the body requires a drug in order to function properly
35.
depressant: drug that slows down the nervous system
36.
diaphragm: muscle responsible for breathing
37.
digestive system: system that breaks down and absorbs nutrients
38.
dislocation: a bone popped out of joint
39.
drug: anything besides food purposely ingested that has an effect on the body
40.
effector: carries out the response
41.
emphysema: alveoli are damaged by tar from smoking tobacco
42.
endocrine system: system that uses hormones for communication
43.
enzymes: speed up chemical reactions
44.
excretory system: system that filters waste from the blood
45.
fertilization: when sperm meets egg
46.
Fibrin: substance that "catches" blood particles to produce a clot / dries to form a scab
47.
fracture: a break in the bone
48.
hallucinogen: drug that alters perception or creates images that don't exist
49.
homeostasis: body's internal environment kept stable despite changes in external environment
50.
hormone: chemical messengers in the body
51.
immune system: system that fights disease
52.
immunization: when antibody of a disease is given
53.
implantation: when the embryo implants itself on the uterine wall
54.
inference: an opinion that could be argued
55.
integumentary system: system that provides a protective covering for body and internal cavities/organs
56.
inter neuron: interprets the nerve impulse and makes the decision for a response
57.
involuntary: actions of the body carried out on their own without thought process
58.
joint: where two bones come together
59.
labor: series of uterine contraction to open cervix and expel fetus
60.
larynx: vocal cords
61.
ligaments: connects bone to bone
62.
lymph: substance in body that collects stray fluids in body and returns it to blood
63.
lymphocytes: white blood cells
64.
mechanical digestion: the physical breakdown of foods (chewing/stomach churning)
65.
meninges: protective covering for nervous system
66.
menstruation: discharge of uterine lining if egg is not fertilized
67.
metric system: scientific measurement system based on tens
68.
minerals: inorganic nutrients for the body
69.
motor neuron: carries out the response
70.
mucus: substance that lines internally to protect against antigens, gastric juices, etc.
71.
muscular system: system that provides movement / voluntary and involuntary
72.
negative feedback: when one hormone level is reduced by the secretion of a responding hormone (thermostat idea)
73.
nephrons: filtering units in the kidneys
74.
nervous system: system that transmits signals throughout body for communication
75.
neuron: nerve cell
76.
nicotine: the addictive substance in tobacco
77.
nutrient: substances the body needs for survival
78.
observation: a fact that can't be argued
79.
opiate/narcotic: drug used as a painkiller
80.
organ: a group of tissue working together
81.
organ system: a group of organs working together to perform a specific function
82.
passive immunity: type of immunity when antibodies are given from an outside source
83.
periosteum: protective covering for bone
84.
peripheral nervous system: makes up the surrounding nervous system
85.
phagocytes: white blood cells that capture and breakdown foreign substances / antigens in the body
86.
pharynx: fancy science word for throat
87.
protein: long chains of amino acids used as building supplies for the body
88.
puberty: development of sex organs
89.
qualitative observation: observation based on one or more of the five senses
90.
quantitative observation: an observation that is a measurement or count
91.
receptor: detects the stimulus
92.
reflex: an involuntary response to a stimulus
93.
reproductive system: system that produces new life
94.
respiratory system: system that exchanges CO2 for O2
95.
response: a voluntary response to a stimulus
96.
RICE: to treat a sprain (rest, ice, compression and elevation)
97.
saturated fats: solid at room temperature / from animals / "bad fats"
98.
semicircular canals: responsible for balance
99.
sensory neuron: receives the nerve impulse
100.
sickle-cell anemia: disease where RBC is misshapen
101.
skeletal system: system that provides structure, movement, produces blood and stores minerals
102.
somatic nervous system: responsible for voluntary actions
103.
standard: acceptable, useful and uniform form of measurement
104.
stimulant: drug that speeds up the nervous system
105.
stimulus: any change in the external environment
106.
T - Cells: white blood cells that fight antigens and signal B-Cells to produce appropriate antibodies
107.
temperature: the amount of molecular motion in an object
108.
tendinitis: inflammation of the tendon
109.
tendons: connects muscle to bone
110.
tissue: a group of cells working together
111.
tolerance: when the body requires more of a drug for the same effect
112.
transfusion: transferring blood from one person to another
113.
unsaturated fats: liquid at room temperature / from plants / "good fats"
114.
vaccination: a dead or weakened version of the disease for body to fight to make antibody
115.
veins: blood vessels that carry blood back to the heart
116.
villi: projections in the small intestine that increase surface area to absorb more nutrients
117.
vitamins: organic nutrients for the body
118.
voluntary: intentional actions of the body
119.
weight: the pull of gravity on an object
120.
withdrawal: the body's reaction when drug use is stopped
