Chapter 9 _ Alterations in Neuronal Transmission
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24 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 What is a neuron? | fundamental unit of nervous systemq |
| T/F: Neurons are composed of central cell body, one axon and one dendrite | False - composed of many (millions) of dendrites |
| T/F: Neuron are highly excitable | True |
| The cell body or the ____ is filled with cytoplasm and contains processes including the nucleus that support metabolic demands of cell | soma |
| The ________ carries impulses away from the cell body and are designed for rapid communication between cells | axon |
| What branched extensions of the neron transmit impulses to the cell body and are the may source of information for the cell body? | dendrites |
| The nervous system is divided into what two systems? | The CNS and PNS |
| Which system consists of the brain and spinal cord an which consists of the cranial and spinal nerves? | CNS PNS |
| The peripheral nerve pathways are divided into the _______ and ______ pathways | Afferent (sensory) Efferent (Motor) |
| Which pathway carrie sensory impulses towards the CNS? | Afferent |
| Which innervate the skeletal muscle of effector organs by transmitting motor impulses away from the CNS? | Efferent |
| Which neuron carries impulses from the receptors to the distant targets if brain and spinal cord? | Sensory (afferent) |
| Which neurons carry signals away from the spinal cord an brain to targets in the body that regulate activity? | Motor (efferent) |
| The Peripheral nervous system is broken down into the _____ and _____ nervous systems | somatic autonomic |
| T/F: The autonomic nervous system (ANS) is in charge of regulating voluntary movement? | False - it regulates involuntary control of organ sytems |
| T/F: The somatic nervous system is in charge of the sympathetic and parasympathetic sytems? | False - it regulates voluntary movement |
| Another name for the neruoglial cells is _________. There are trillions of them and many types in the CNS. | glial |
| Which cells in the PNS protect the nervous system and supply metabolic support? | Schwann cells |
| The cells in the CNS are the _____cytes, the _______cytes, the _______glia, and _____ cells. These are all glial cells. | astrocytes (fill spaces b/t neurons) oligodendrocytes (form multiplayer myelin segments around the axons) microglia (remove debris via phagocytosis) ependymal (line ventricular system) |
| The cells in the PNS are the _______ cells. | Schwann |
| T/F: Myelin increases conduction impulse and have a high lipid content | True |
| What interrupts the myelin sheath on theses long axons and promotes the movement of the nerve impulse over long distances? | Nodes of Ranvier |
| Impulses traveling down the axon jump from node to node in a step wise fashion is a process known as ________ conduction. | Saltatory conduction. |
| T/F: The nodes of Raniver are rich in sodium channels & needed to move the nerve impulse over long distances | True |
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