Psychology Unit 3
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50 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 MOTIVATION | The drive to seek a goal such as food, water, friends. |
| EMOTION | A state of the body causing feelings such as hope, fear, love. |
| HOMEOSTASIS | Bodily process of maintaining a balanced internal state. |
| DRIVES | Forces that push an organism into action to reach a goal. |
| BLOOD SUGAR LEVEL | The amount of sugar contained in the blood, which indicates the level of hunger. |
| GLUCOSE | Sugar in the blood. |
| SET POINT | The body regulating mechanism that determines a person's typical weight. |
| TESTES | Male sex glans, make sperm. |
| OVARIES | Female sex glands, make eggs. |
| CURIOSITY MOTIVE | A drives that moves a person to see new and different things. |
| MANIPULATION MOTIVE | A drive that moves a person to handle and use objects in the environment. |
| INTRINSIC MOTIVATION | Seeking satisfaction that comes from within the individual for certain behavior. |
| EXTRINSIC MOTIVATION | Seeking a reward from outside the organism for certain behavior. |
| CONTACT COMFORT | The satisfaction obtained from pleasant, soft stimulation. |
| HIERARCHY OF NEEDS | A system that ranks needs one above the other with the most basic needs for physical survival at the bottom of the pyramid. |
| PHYSIOLOGICAL NEEDS | The bottom of the hierarchy: hunger & thirst. |
| SAFETY NEEDS | Part of the Maslow's hierarchy: shelter, nest egg of money. |
| BELONGINGNESS NEEDS | Part of the hierarchy: friendship, closeness with another. |
| SELF-ESTEEM NEEDS | Part of the hierarchy: liking & respecting yourself, feeling important & useful. |
| NEED FOR AFFILIATION | Belonging to & identifying with groups. |
| NEED FOR APPROVAL | Obtaining other people's good opinion of oneself. |
| NEED FOR ACHIEVEMENT | Personal accomplishment. |
| COGNITION | Symbolic thought processes. |
| JAMES-LANGE THEORY | For emotion, first the body responds, then one feels the emotion. |
| CANNON-BEARD THEORY | The bodily reaction and the emotional response to an event occur at the same time. |
| SCHACHTER'S COGNITIVE THEORY | We label a bodily response by giving it the name of an emotion we think we are feeling. |
| CONSTRUCT | A concept requiring a belief in something that cannot be seen or touched but that seems to exist. |
| CONSCIOUSNESS | The awareness of, or the possibility of knowing, what is happening inside or outside the organism. |
| SUBCONSCIOUSNESS | Consciousness just below our present awareness. |
| UNCONSCIOUSNESS | Thoughts or desires about which we can have no direct knowledge. |
| CHRONOBIOLOGY | The study of forces that control the body at different times of the day, month, or year. |
| BIOLOGICAL CLOCKS | Internal chemical units that control regular cycles in parts of the body. |
| FREE-RUNNING CYCLES | Cycles set up by biological clocks that are under their own control, ignoring the environment. |
| ENTRAINMENT | The process of altering the free-running cycle to fit a different rhythm. |
| CIRCADIAN RHYTHM | Sequences of behavioral changes that occur every 24 hours. |
| TWILIGHT STATE | Relaxed state just before we fall asleep. |
| REM SLEEP | Rapid eye movement sleep when we dream. |
| BETA WAVES | Rapid brain waves; appear when a person is awake. |
| ALPHA WAVES | Stage 1, fairly relaxed brain waves occurring just before going to sleep; relaxed. |
| DELTA WAVES | Slow, lazy, deep-sleep brain waves. |
| NREM SLEEP | Non-rapid eye movement sleep; sleep involving partial thoughts, images, or stories, poor organization. |
| NIGHTMARE | Frightening dream during REM. |
| REM REBOUND | Increase in the number of dreams after being deprived of them. |
| INCUBUS ATTACK | Also called a night terror; a horrible dream occurring during NREM when the body isn't prepared for it. |
| INSOMNIA | The inability to get enough sleep. |
| NARCOLEPSY | Disorder where a person falls instantly into sleep no matter what is going on in the environment. |
| SLEEP APNEA | Breathing stops while someone is asleep. |
| HYPNOSIS | A state of relaxation where attention is focused on certain objects, acts, or feelings. |
| TRANCE | Another word for the state of deep relaxation that can occur during hypnosis. |
| MEDITATION | A form of self-control in which the outside world is cut off from consciousness. |
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