Diseases
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59 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 amoeba | microscopic, unicellular protozoa found in decaying organic material at the bottom of bodies of fresh water. Parasite |
| arthropod | fleas, ticks, lice, scabies. can carry disease. small animal. can be seen |
| autoimmunity | reaction of immune response to one's own tissues |
| health | the combination of physical, mental/emotional, and social well-being |
| disease | any change, other than an injury, that disrupts the normal functions of the body |
| etiology | study of the cause of disease |
| idiopathic | pertaining to disease of unknown origin |
| signs | Objective evidence of disease observed on physical exams- abnormal pulse,fever,sweating,pallor |
| symptoms | Subjective indications of disease reported by the patient.- pain, dizziness,itching |
| pathogenesis | the origination and development of a disease |
| endemic | disease native to or confined to a certain region |
| pandemic | an epidemic that is geographically widespread. worldwide |
| inflammation | a response of body tissues to injury or irritation. causes swelling |
| degeneration | the process of declining from a higher to a lower level of effective power or vitality or essential quality. ex. degenerative diseases |
| epidemiology | Branch of medical science concerned with the incidence, distribution, and control of diseases that affect large numbers of people. |
| risk factors | anything that increases the likely hood of diseases, injury, or other health problems. examples: genetic factors, age, lifestyle, stress, enviornment, preexisting conditions |
| virus | ultramicroscopic infectious agent that replicates itself only within cells of living hosts. Parasite. |
| bacteria | single-celled organisms that lack a nucleus, parasite. classified by shaped, size staining properties(gram pos. or neg.), aerobic, anaaerobic |
| fungus | a parasitic plant lacking chlorophyll and leaves and true stems and roots and reproducing by spores. ex: athletes foot, ringworm |
| opportunistic | infections that occur when the body's defenses are weak |
| vector | any agent (person or animal or microorganism) that carries and transmits a disease. ex:mosquito, tick, flea, any arthropods |
| vaccination | injection of a weakened or mild form of a pathogen to produce temporary immunity. |
| tumors | masses of tissue, neoplasm (new growth.) can be benign or malignant |
| hyperplasia | Increase in NUMBER of cells. Ex callus, goiter. Normal cells |
| anaplasia | a change in the structure of cells and in their orientation to each other. cancer cells |
| mycotic | fungal infection |
| parasite | an organism that lives in or on another organism; one who lives off another person. ex: bacteria, virus, fungus |
| acute | having or experiencing a rapid onset and short but severe course |
| chronic | being long-lasting and recurrent or characterized by long suffering |
| impetigo | a very contagious infection of the skin. bacterial infection, seen in children |
| Tinea | infection of the skin caused by a fungus. athletes foot, ringworm. Be careful not to pet stray kittens |
| Boils | inflammation and infection of the dermis and subcutaneous tissue caused by bacteria which enter through hair follicles |
| scabies | contagious skin disease caused by an itch mite burrowing under the skin |
| decubitus ulcer | A pressure-induced ulceration of the skin occurring in persons confined to bed for long periods of time. bedsore |
| hives | Red, itchy, possibly raised blotches on the skin that often result from allergic reactions, stress |
| scleroderma | an autoimmune disorder in which the connective tissues become thickened and hardened, causing the skin to become hard and swollen. possible autoimmune disease |
| psoriasis | Chronic, noninfectious, raised, reddened round plaques covered by silvery white scales. possible autoimmune |
| eczema | inflammatory skin disease of the epidermis |
| squamous cell carcinoma | Type of skin cancer more serious than basal cell carcinoma; often characterized by scaly red papules or nodules. |
| basal cell | Most common skin cancer: slow growing, appears as a waxy raised lesion with a pearly border, most commonly associated with sun exposure |
| melanoma | an especially dangerous cancer of the pigmented cells of the skin, related to sun exposure in people with light-colored skin. can develop from a mole. |
| kaposi sarcoma | malignant tumor of the blood vessels associated with AIDS |
| 1st degree burn | only upper epidermis is damaged from this burn. ex. sunburn |
| 2nd degree burn | "Partial-thickness burn" blistering, some swelling and pink-red color. involves epidermis and upper layer of the dermis. |
| 3rd degree burn | complete destruction of epidermis and dermis, involves underlying muscle and bone, destruction of nerve endings after injury, fluid loss big problem |
| 4th degree burn | muscle and bones burn. large infection risk, very long time to heal, may need amputation. skin graft |
| neoplasm | new tumor growth that can be benign or malignant |
| lipoma | benign tumor of fat cell |
| melanoma | malignant black mole or malignant tumor of the skin. |
| metastasis | the spread of cancer cells beyond the original site of growth |
| osteoma | benign tumor of consisting of bone tissue |
| adenoma | a benign epithelial tumor of a gland |
| adenocarcinoma | malignant tumor of a gland |
| chondroma | benign tumor of cartilage |
| carcinoma | A cancerous tumor |
| remission | a period in which symptoms and signs stop. |
| nevus | mole |
| microbe | germ. bacteria or virus |
| papilloma | a benign, superficial wart-like growth on the epithelial tissue or elsewhere in the body. |
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