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Created by:
AshleySpangler0910 on July 27, 2011
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207 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 What is the definition of Homeostasis? | Balance |
| List 4 endangerment sites on the body. | Inguinal triangle, Popliteal fossa, medial and epicondyle of humerus, femoral artery |
| List the divisions of the spinal column and how many there are. | Cervical 7, Thoracic 12, Lumbar 5, Sacrum 5 fused, Coccyx 4 fused |
| What is the difference between high density and low density lipoprotiens? | High is good proteins and low is bad proteins |
| What is the anatomical name for the shoulder joint? | Glenohumeral joint |
| What are 3 types/classifications of joints in the body? | Synarthrosis, ampiarthrosis, and diarthrosis |
| What are the five basic strokes of massage? | Effleurage, petrissage, tapotment, compression, friction |
| What precautions are taken when working with a client with AIDS/ HIV? | Gloves and look out for contraindications |
| Define Benign | Non cancerous, non spreading |
| Define malignant | Severe or progressively worse |
| Define Metastasis | Spreading or transferring |
| Define Carcinogen | Substance that radiates cancer of causes cancer |
| What are the five main nerve plexus' in the spine? | Cervical, brachial, lumbar, sacral, and coccygeal |
| What are the four characteristics of muscle tissue? | Elasticity, contractibility, excitability, and extension |
| What kind of affect does tapotment have on the body? | Stimulating blood flow |
| What technique would be used to warm the tissues prior to use of friction? | Petrisage |
| What technique would be used on an athlete to stimulate muscles? | Vibration |
| What is the strongest ligament in the body? | Deltoid( Iliofemoral) |
| Define uremia | Excess of blood of urea |
| Define scope of practice | Knowledge base |
| What is counter transference? | Inability of the professional to separate therapeutic from personal relationship |
| What are the levels of cellular organization? | Chemical, cellular, tissue, organ, organ system, organism, community |
| What is the primary purpose of the spinal column? | Serves as point of attachment for neck and back muscles, supports body weight, responsible for flexibility of trunk |
| What is concentric contraction? | Muscle shortening |
| What techniques would be used on arthritic joints? | circular fiction |
| Indications and Contraindications for bursitis | Locally contraindicated during acute times, indicated for rest of the body |
| How did the Erector group get there name? | From attachments and general location |
| Define wellness | The efficient balance of body, mind, and spirit, all working in a harmonious way to provide quality of life. |
| What is rickets? | A condition affecting children in which vitamin D deficiency leads to altered calcium metabolism and disturbance and ossification of bone |
| What technique would you use to "milk" a muscle? | Petrisage |
| Define palpation | Assessment through touch |
| What are the four sections of the large intestine? | Cecum, Colon, Rectum, Anal canal |
| Define Parietal peritoneum | Sheet of connective tissue that lines the walls and the abdominal and pelvic cavities |
| What is a erythrocyte? | Red blood cell |
| Peripheral neuropathy | Damage to the peripheral nerves usually hands and feet recognized by sensory damage, motor damage or both. Symptoms are burning and tingling leading eventually to numbness. |
| Multiple sclerosis | A chronic disease of the central nervous system marked by damage to the myelin sheath. Plaques occur in the brain and spinal cord causing tremor, weakness, fatigue, and disturbances in vision and speech |
| Lupus | A chronic autoimmune disease in which antibodies attack various types of tissues in the body, characterized by inflammation of various parts of the body. Symptoms include arthritis in two or more joints, pleurisy, kidney and nervous system dysfunction. |
| What is the role of interleukin in the immune system? | To regulate interactions between lymphocytes and other cells of the body |
| What do afferent nerves do in the CNS? | Transmit messages from receptors to the CNS |
| What nerve is affected in Carpal Tunnel Syndrome? | Median Nerve |
| What is another name for Lou Gerig's disease? | Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis |
| What are the signs and symptoms of Multiple Sclerosis? | Weakness, Spasms, Change in sensation, optic neuritis, sexual dysfunctions, difficulty walking, depression, fatigue |
| What are the signs and symptoms of Cushing syndrome? | Edema, abnormal disposition of fat to the face and trunk, increased susceptibility to infection |
| What is William Sutherland known for? | Cranial sacral |
| Would vibration help stimulate an athletes muscles? | Yes |
| Would Petrissage be used to warm the tissue before friction? | Yes |
| Does tapotment increase blood flow? | Yes |
| The mediastinum is the correct anatomical location for which organ? | Heart and lungs |
| What ways can friction be preformed? | Cross fiber, Circular, transverse, palmar |
| Can weight lifting be preformed for patients that need increased calcium absorption? | Yes |
| What do proprioceptors do? | Send sensory information to the brain, allowing us to know the location of one body part to another |
| What does the tendon reflex do? | prevents overstretching |
| What are the rotator cuff muscle? | Infraspinatus, supraspinatus, subscapularis, and teres minor |
| what is the most common transmission of HIV | Homosexual to homosexual interaction |
| What does extra glucose bind with when it is not being transported by insulin or being burned up by exercise or metabolism? | Glycogen |
| What are the signs and symptoms of Alzheimer disease? | Memory lapse, dementia, memory and sensory loss |
| What is Hippocrates of Cos known for? | Known for use of anointing and massage, Father of Western Medicine |
| What is Ambrose Pare known for? | Know for post surgical recovery and joint stiffness, Father of Surgery |
| Out of the three treasures which is known as the guide associated with personality and power of mind and spirit? | Shen |
| Define HARA | Center of being and gravity |
| Define tsubo | Points where QI comes to the surface |
| Internal, external and miscellaneous arways of describing what in oriental theory? | San yin |
| What are the characteristics of yang? | Male, heaven, light, activity, expansion, warmth, creative |
| What are the problems experienced with the fire element? | Shortened lifespan, anxiety, insomnia, nervous disorder, sensitive to emotions, hypoglycemia, rashes, |
| Understand the characteristics of the lung | Governs QI and respiration, influences body fluids |
| Understand the characteristics of the Spleen | Governs transportation and transformation of food |
| Understand the characteristics of the heart | Governs blood, blood vessels and pulse. Houses Shen. |
| Understand the characteristics of the kidney | House jing, responsible for reproduction, growth and development. Influences body fluids |
| Understand the characteristics of the liver | Stores blood, rules smooth flow and spreading of QI |
| Is SP 6 contraindicated when working on a pregnant client? | Yes |
| Which ways does the yang meridian flow? | Superior to inferio anteriorly |
| Which way does the yin meridian flow? | Inferior to superior posteriorly |
| What kind of massage would be used for arthritic joints? | Geriatric pressure with circular friction |
| What are the contagious skin palthologys? | Boils, cellulitis, fungal infections, herpes simplex, impetigo, mites and lice, warts |
| What is professional touch? | Skilled touch delivered to achieve a specific outcome |
| What medical error occurs most often? | Poor hand writing |
| In an episode of acute bursitis would massage work be indicated or contraindicated? | Contraindicated |
| What happens to the ribs and diaphram during active ventialation? | They expand and contract |
| What are the signs of asthma? | Coughing, weezing, difficulty breathing, especially when exhaling |
| What are the sutures of the skull? | Coronal, lambdoidal, sagittal |
| What is Bell's Palsy? | A flaccid paralysis of one side of the face, caused by inflammation or damage of the cranial nerve or facial nerve |
| What is the most dngerous type of skin cancer? | Malignant melanoma |
| The axial skeleton is made up of what? | Spine, rib cage, and skull |
| The apendicular skeleton is made up of what? | Pelvis, shoulder girdle, upper and lower extremities. |
| The function of the skeletal system is to? | Support, protect, movement, mineral storage, storage of blood and storage of energy. |
| Define long bone | Hard, dense, provides strength, structure and mobility, consists of shaft and two ends |
| Define short bone | Contains spongy bone, like hands feet and the patella |
| Define flat bone | Layers of spongy bone between 2 layers of compact bone such as skull and ribs |
| Irregular bone | Vertebrae |
| Sesamoid bone | Bone imbedded in joint capsule or tendon i.e. Patella |
| Osteoblasts | Involved in bone formation , secretes some of the organic components responsible for bone growth |
| Osteoclasts | Function in bone reabsorption, found around surfaces of bone |
| Osteocytes | Mature bone cells, the principal cells of bone tissue, maintain daily cellular activity of bone such as waste removal and nutrient metabolism. |
| Synarthrosis joint | Immovable and extremely limited that connect bones with fibrous connective tissue. |
| Ampiarthrosis joint | Slight movable only a few mm apart that join bone to cartilage |
| Diathrosis joint | Freely moveable joint (synovial joint) |
| What are the 6 types of joints? | Ball and socket, hinge, pivot, saddle, gliding, ellipsoid |
| Ligaments | Connect bone to bone |
| Bursa | Synovial sacs, cushion for when pressure is exerted |
| Articuar cartilage | Covering over the end of the bone |
| Function of muscles | Motion, posture, heat production |
| Muscle | Organ that produces movement by contraction |
| Fascicle | Small grouping of nerve of muscle fiber surrounded by a connective tissue envelope |
| Fiber | Filled with threadlike structures |
| Myofibril | Threadlike structure in cytoplasm of striated and cardiac response for contraction |
| Myofilament | Structural unit of muscle protiens in a muscle cell |
| Sarcomere | Segment of muscle fiber extending from one z line to the next that serves as a unit of contraction. |
| Muscle excitability | Ability to receive and respond to impulses from external enviorment |
| Muscle contractibilty | Generates force when contracted and able to shorten apron contraction |
| Muscle extensibilty | Can be stretched |
| Muscle elasticity | Able to return to tic original shape after contraction |
| Layers of a muscle | Epimysium, perimysium, endomysium |
| Types of muscle shapes | Spindle, rhomboidal, rectangular, triangular, penniform, bi penniform, multiple bellies, sphincter |
| Muscle origin | Attachment of the muscle to the less movable bone |
| Muscle insertion | Attachment of the muscle to the more moveable bone |
| Isotonic contraction | Muscle shortening and thickens upon contraction |
| Isometric contraction | Muscle length does not change apron contraction |
| Flexion | Decreases angle of a joint |
| Extension | Increases angle of joint |
| Rotation | Turn around axis |
| Medial rotation | Limb turns in toward midline |
| Lateral rotation | Limb turns away from midline |
| Circumduction | Movement of limb in such a way it's distal part describes a circle |
| Abduction | Moves laterally away from midline |
| Adduction | Move medially towards midline |
| Functions of the integumentary system | Protects body against injury, receives and communicates info about the outside world, prevents drying out, helps maintain, body temperature, uses sweat gland to exctrete water and wastes from body |
| Connective tissue | Supports and protects the organs of the body and holds body parts together |
| Areolar tissue | Loose connective tissue |
| Adipose tissue | Stores fat and releases it when the body needs energy |
| Cartilage | Fibrous connective tissue that forms most of the temporary skeleton of the embryo |
| Epilelial tissue | Protects body by covering free surfaces and lining its cavities |
| Layers of the skin | Epidermis, dermis, subcutaneous |
| Components of blood | 55% plasma, 45% formed element like erythrocytes and leukocytes |
| Function of cardiovascular system | Transports nutrients, oxygen and carbon dioxide, regulates pH, normal body temp, protects body through blood clotting, preventing blood loss and white blood cells |
| Arteries | Conducts blood away from the heart |
| Veins | Conducts blood to the heart |
| Pulmonary arteries | Delivers deoxygenated blood from lungs |
| Pulmonary veins | Receives oxygenated blood from lungs |
| Arterioles | Small arteries important in regulating blood vessels |
| Venules | Small veins |
| Capillaries | Small vessels that are the site of oxygen and nutrient exchange |
| Lymph organs | Spleen, thymus gland, bone marrow, tonsils |
| Hormones | Controls all functions of the body |
| Endocrine gland | Secretes their hormone into the extra cellular space around the cells that secrete their hormones |
| Exocrine Glands | secretes substances (not hormones) into the ducts that carry the secretion into body cavities, organs and or to the bodys surface though sweat glands. |
| Target tissues | affected area or tissue |
| Hyposecretion | Decrease of hormone output |
| Hypersecretion | Abnormal increase in hormone output |
| Negative feedback | A mechanism of response in which a stimulus initiates actions that reverse or reduce the stimulus |
| Hypothalamus | Controls most all endocrine functions in the body through releasing and inhibiting hormones |
| pituitary gland | Controls most functions of the body |
| thyroid gland | related to growth rate, metabolism of glucose, fats and proteins |
| parathyroid gland | helps regulate calcium levels in blood |
| pancreas | related to digestion of sugars and production of insulin. secretes hormones and enzymes into small intestine |
| Ovaries | The female gonads, produce estrogns and pregesterone. stores and releases eggs |
| Testes | The male gonads, which produce sperm and secrete testosterone |
| Epidiymis | tube that receives sperm from the testes |
| Semen | thick fluid containing sperm and other secretions from the male reproductive system |
| Prostate gland | exocrine gland, in men, at the base of the urinary bladder that secretes the fluid part of semen into the urethra during ejaculation |
| Uterus | the womb |
| Vulva | external female genitalia |
| Pregnancy | Condition in a female of having a developing embryo and fetus in her uterus |
| menopause | the time in a woman's life in which the menstrual cycle ends |
| Parts of the neuron | Cell body, dendrites,axon |
| Reception | Receiving info |
| Transmission | sending messages along neurons |
| Integration | info is stored and interpreted |
| Response | Muscles and glands show effect |
| Cerebellum | Small brain, maintains balance and coordination |
| Cerebrum | Large brain, Controls speech memory and intelligence |
| Meninges | Three membranes that cover the brain and spinal cord, consisting of the dura mater, pia mater, and arachnoid mater |
| Limbic system | Group of interconnected nucli involved in memory and emotion |
| Medulla | Most inferior part of brain, which controls breathing, heart rate and blood pressure, swallowing, coughing and sneezing |
| Pons | Bulge in the anterior surface of the brain stem, assists in respiration, serves as a link to other parts of brain |
| Diencephalon | Thalamus and Hypothalamus |
| Midbrain | Just superior to the pons, controls eyes and ears |
| Four never plexus | Cervical, brachial, lumbar, sacral |
| Sympathetic nervous system | mobilizes energy |
| Parasympethetic nervous system | Conserves and restores energy |
| External respiration | exchange of gases between the lungs and the blood |
| Internal respiration | exchange of gases between the blood and the cells of the body |
| Celluar respiration | the process by which food molecules are broken down to release energy. |
| Function of oral cavity | In jests food |
| Function of esophagus | Moves food to the stomach |
| Function of stomach | Digestion of proteins |
| Function of small intestine | the function of this is for digestion and absorption |
| Function of Large intestine | eliminate undigested food residue and drys out digestive system by absorbtion of water and eliminate waste |
| Function of liver | produce bile |
| Function of gallbladder | concentrates and stores bile |
| Function of pancreas | secretes enzymes |
| Function of rectum | to hold feces until defecation |
| Function of anus | controls excretion of solid waste |
| Four layers of digestive tract | Mucosa, submucosa, muscularis externa, adventitia/visceral peritonieum |
| Alimentary Canal | The entire tube that makes up the gastrointestinal tract |
| peritoneal cavity | The space within the abdomen that contains the intestines, stomach, and liver. |
| mesentery | a membrane that attaches the small intestine to the abdominal wall |
| greater omentum | part of the peritoneum attached to the stomach and to the colon and covering the intestines |
| lipase | Pancreatic enzyme necessary to digest fats |
| pepsin/ peptidase | Enzyme that breaks down proteins in the stomach |
| amylase | enzyme that breaks down starch |
| Functions of urinary system | Maintain fluid homostasis by adjusting the salt and H2O content, regulates the concetration of many electrolytes, filters enzyme renin and hormone erythroprotien |
| ADH ( Antiduiretic Hormone) | Increases H2O re absorption |
| Aldosterone | Salt excretion |
| Angiostensin | Increases the synthesis and releases aldosterone |
| ANP (Atrial natruitetic peptide) | Inhibits sodium re absorption |
| Nephron | blood-filtering unit in the renal cortex of the kidney |
| Urination | Process of removing liquid waste from the body |
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