Chapter 4: Evolution, Biological Communities and Species Interactions
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stephbrandi on July 29, 2011
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22 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 Indicators | Are the requirements and tolerances of species that are useful to judge environmental conditions. |
| Habitat | Describes the place or set of environmental conditions in which a particular organism lives. |
| Ecological Niche | Either the role played by a species in a biological community of the total set of environmental factors that determine the species distribution. |
| Competitive Exclusion Principle | States that no two species can occupy the same ecological niche for long, the one that is more efficient in using available resources will exclude the other species competition. |
| Endemic Species | Exist on serpentine and other unusual types of rocks outcrops, and nowhere else. |
| Intraspecific competition | Competition among members of the same species |
| Interspecific competition | Competition between members of different species |
| Symbiosis | two or more species live intimately together, with their fates linked. |
| Mutalism | enhances the survival of one or both partners. |
| Commensalism | one member clearly benefits and the other apparently is neither benefited nor harmed. |
| Parasitism | a form of predation |
| Keystone species | plays a critical role in biological community that is out of proportion to its abundance. Example: top predators: lions, wolves, tigers |
| Primary productivity | Its the rate if biomass production, an indication of the rate of solar energy conversion to chemical energy. |
| Ecological diversity | Is a measure of the number of different species, ecological niches, or genetic variation present |
| Ecological complexity | It the number of species at each trophic level and the number of trophic levels in a community. |
| Edge Effect | Importance aspect of community structure is the boundary between one habitat and its neighbors. |
| Climax community | In sand dunes, the community that developed last and lasted the longest. |
| Pioneer species | In primary succession on land, they are the first colonists. |
| Disturbance adapted species | A force that disrupts the established patterns of species diversity and abundance,community structure or community properties. Example:African elephants rip out small trees, forage, shrubs as the move. |
| Primary Succession | Land that is bare of soil a sandbar, mudslide, rock face, volcanic flow is colonized by living organisms where none lived before. |
| Secondary Succession | An existing community is disturbed, a new one develops from the biological legacy of the old. |
| The Cichilds of Lake Victoria pg 80 Explain how destroying native species in Lake Victoria disrupted Lake Victoria's ecosystem. | Destroying the native species in lake Victoria disrupted the Lake Victoria's ecosystem due to the fact that the cichlids fish consumed about 80 percent of the animal biomass. The Cichilds fish also helped the lake be being its cleaning system, by eating the algae and rotting detritus. The misguided management destroyed the species in the lake caused the ecosystem no longer supporting the natural community, where the local people cant even depend on it. |
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