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Gametogenesis The process of gamete formation *involves reduction of the chromosome number by half Homologous Chromosomes Egg and Sperm chromosomes that carry genes for the same traits Zygote Fertilized Egg *Created when a sperm and an egg fuse How many pairs of homologous chromosomes are there? 23 pairs Also known as diploid (2n) How are haploid (n) chromosomes made from diploid (2n) chromosomes? What is the name of the PROCESS? Meiosis What is the end product of Mitotic Division? Two Diploid (2n) daughter cells What is the end product of Cytokinesis? Four Haploid (n) daughter cells Synapsis When homologous chromosomes, as duplicated structures, begin to pair so that they become closely aligned along their entire length Tetrads What do they attach themselves to? Groupings of 4 chromosomes Tetrads attach themselves to the spindle fibers, and begin to align themselves on the spindle equator. Chiasmata (Crossover) When the "arms" of adjacent homologous chromosomes coil around each other This occurs during synapsis