| Term | Definition |
|---|
| hypothesis | a proposed explanation to a scientific question |
| resolution | the power to show details clearly in a an image |
| magnification | the increase of an object's apparent size |
| base unit | fundamental SI unit |
| dependent variable | variable that is measured in an experiment |
| independent variable | a factor that differs in the control group and the experimental group of an experiment |
| homeostasis | the maintenance of a stable level of internal conditions |
| peer review | critique of a scientific paper by an expert in the field |
| A theory, in the scientific sense, is | an uncertain guess |
| The function of the eyepiece in a compound light microscope is to | magnify the image |
| During a scientific investigation, a researcher generally forms a hypothesis and makes predictions | after collecting observations |
| The presence ofviruses inside a cell can best be seen using a | transmission electron microscope |
| What are important themes in biology | diversity and unity of life - interdependence of living organisms - evolution of life |
| A ---- is the smallest unit capable of all life functions | cell |
| The hierarchy of organization in a multicellular organism consists of organisms consists of | organ, tissue, cells, organelles, biological molecule, and atoms |
| All living things maintain a balance within their cells and the environment through the process of -- | metabolism |
| Parenets produce offspring through | reproduction |
| Organisms that are ---- related are placed on branches that are close together in a tree of life | closer |
| ---- as a theme in biology helps biologists understand how organisms are related to other living organisms and to organisms that have lived in hte past | evolution |
| When an owl dilated its pupils in response to decresed light it is responding to a ---- | stimuli |
| An organisms's ---- is all of the chemical reactions that it carries out in order to run the processes of life. | metabolism |
| How does the publicatoin of research in a scientific joural benefit scientists? | It benefits scientists because then they can do the experiment over agian and compair results. |
| Explain why biology is important to a person's daily life and to human society. | Biology is important because it's the study of all living things. |
| What is the role of metaolism in life? | If you have a high metabolism you can eat anything you want without gaining weight. If you have a low metabolism everything you eat shows. Metabolism keeps an even balance of nut. |
| fWhy is reproduction an essential part of living? | Reproduction is an essentail part of living because without reproducing all living things would become extinct. |
| cytoplasm | interior of a cell |
| ribosome | cellular structure on which proteins are made |
| flagellum | hairlike structure that enables call movement |
| plasma membrane | outer boundary of the cell |
| nucleus | internal compartment that houses a cell's DNA |
| Which scientist determined that cells come only from other cells? | Virchow |
| What is in the cell theory? | all living things are made of one or more cells - cells are the basic units of structure and function in organisms - all cells arise from existing cells |
| As a cell becomes smaller, its surface area-to-volume ratio | increases |
| What could be found in a prokaryote cell? | flagellum |
| Which part of the plasma membrane helps cells recognize each other? | carbohydrates |
| What helps plants remain rigid? | central vacuole |
| What enables plants to make carbogydrates from carbon dioxide and water? | central vauole |
| What is one difference between prokaryotes and eukaryotes? | Eukaryotes contain mitochondria |
| The nucleaus of a cell contains | chromosomes - DNA - RNA |
| Which type of molecule is found in hte plasma membrane? | carbogydrate - protein - phospholipid |
| The lipid bilayer of the plasma membrane | provides a boundary between the cell and its surroundings - forms vesicles - transports substances into and out of the cells |
| The statement "cells arise only from existing cells" is part of the | cell theory |
| Cilia and ---- are structures that enable cell movement and sometimes move substances across a cell's surface. | flagella |
| The sustem of microscopic protein fivers that supports the shape of the cell is called the | cytoskeleton |
| Robosomes are found on the --- endoplasmic reticulum | rough |
| newly made --- are transported to the smooth endoplasmic retifulum for further processing | proteins |
| Explain the role of DNA in cells. | The role of the DNA is to make each cell unique and have different things about them. |
| WHy can small cells exchange substances more readily than large cells? | small cells can exchange more rapidly because there's less organelles to go threw, so they can get out faster |
| Why are mitochondria important to the functioning of eukaryotic cells? | Mitochondria is important because it uses energy for RNA |
| Describe the structure and function of the cytoskeleton. | The function of the cytoskeleton is to pass off substances to othe organelles. |
| plasmolysis | shrinking of cells |
| vesicle | membrane-bound organelle |
| hypertonic | relatively high solute concentration |
| concentration gradient | concentration difference across space |
| cytolysis | bursting of cells |
| hypotonic | relatively low solute concentration |
| phagocytosis | uptake of large particles |
| pinocytosis | uptake of solutes or fluids |
| The process of diffusion requires | a difference in the concentration of moleculs through out a space |
| If the molecular concentration of a substance is the same through out a space, the substance | is in equilibrium |
| A type of transport which water moves across a membrane and down its concentration gradient | osmosis |
| Net movement of water cross a cell membrance occurs | from a hypotonic solution to a hypertonic solution |
| All forms of passive transport depend on | the kinetic energy of molecules |
| Soduim-potassium pumps | move Na+ ions out of cells and K+ ions into cells |
| A structure that can move excess water out of uicellular organims is a | contractile vacuole |
| Most of the time, the environment that plants cells live in is | hypotonic |
| Plasmolysis of human red blood cell would occur if the cell were | in a hypertonic solution |
| Active | sodium potassium pump, endocytosis, and excosytosis |
| Passive | diffusion, facilitated diffusion, osmosis, and diffusion through ion channels. |
| Endocytosis | taking in moleculs and other particles |
| Exocytosis | pushing/removing the molecules and other particles |
| How do ions cross the lipid bilayer of the cell membrane? | Ion's cross the lipid bilayer of the cell membrane by the carrier protein taking in and releasing the ions |
| What is the fundamental difference between carrier proteins that participate in facilitated diffusion ans carrier proteins that functoin as pumps? | Carrier proteins that participate in facilitated diffusion takes in particles while the carrier protein that functions as a pump releases the particles |
Combine with other sets
Share on Facebook
Share on MySpace