1.
Benign Prostatic Hypertrophy (BPH): Actually hyperplasia of the prostate tissue nodules are formed that surround the urethra & the prostate become enlarged.
2.
How does Testicular cancer metastasize?: First to the common iliac & para-aorticc lymph nodes then to the mediastinal & supraclavical lymph nodes, then they invade blood, liver, lungs, bone, & brain.
3.
How is Prostate cancer diagnosed?: Serum markers such as PSA prostate specific antigen & Prostatic acid phosphate are elevated. Ultrasounds, biopsy, & a bone scan for metastases,
4.
Prostate Cancer: The most common form of cancer in men older than 50 & the 3rd leading cause of cancer deaths in the USA. Most tumors are adenomas & are androgen dependent.
5.
Prostatitis: An acute or chronic inflammation of the prostate gland caused by either bacterial or non bacterial infections or UTI's are also a common cause.
6.
Testicular Cancer: The most common form of cancer in young men from 15-35 years of age. The can orginate from one type of cell or a variety of undifferentiated & different germ cells.
7.
What are some other disorders that may arise from Testicular cancer?: Parneoplastic disorders E.g. gynomastia, hydroceles or epididymitis.
8.
What are some ways to diagnosis Testicular cancer?: Self eximination, Serum markers such as hCG (human chronic gonadotropin) or AFP (Alfa fetoprotein) , & a biopsy
9.
What are the effects of BPH?: Incomplete emptying of the bladder, distended bladder, dilated ureters, hydronephrossis, possible renal damage, obstruction & urinary retention.
10.
What are the signs & symptoms of BPH?: Obstruction of urine flow leads to; hesitancy, dripping, drecreased urine flow, noturia, UTI's.
11.
What are the signs & symptoms of Prostate cancer?: Hard noduales on the gland, obstruction of the urethra later in the disease, bladder infections cystitis being the most common.
12.
What are the signs & symptoms of Prostatitis?: Dysuria, polyuria, & urgency, flank pain, & lower abdominal discomfort. Signs caused by inflammation of the prostate include; decreased urinary stram, hesitancy in urination, incomplete bladder emptying, or noturia.
13.
What are the signs & symptoms of Testicular cancer?: Hard painless unilateral masses, enlarged & heavy testis, dull aching lower abdominal pain.
14.
What are the treatments for Prostatitis?: Antibacterail medications, anti-inflammatory drugs or prophylactic antibacterial drugs.
15.
What are the treatments of BPH?: Surgery if needed, drugs to promote blood flow & reduce the androgenic effects.
16.
What are the treatments of testicular cancer?: Orchiectomy, radiation & chemotherapy.
17.
What bacterium are responsiable for Prostatitis?: E.coli, Pseudomonas, Proteus, Streptococcus faecalis.
18.
What cautions need to be taken in to consideration when obtaining a biopsy for diagnosis of Testicular cancer?: Biopsy encourages the spread & reoccurrence of the tumor.
19.
What is the etiology of BPH?: An imbalance of Tester one & Progesterone associated with aging. There is no connection to prostatic carcinomas.
20.
What is the etiology of Prostate cancer?: Genetics & environmental factors, hormonal imbalances
21.
What is the etiology of Testicular cancer?: Genetics, Cryptorchidism, infection or trauma.
22.
What is the etiology of the acute form of Prostatitis?: Bacterial , Frequent UTI's , STD's , benign prostatic hypertrophy, catherization, or hematogenous (spread through blood)
23.
What is the etiology of the chronic form of Prostatitis?: Repeated E.coli infections
24.
What is the survival rate of Prostate cancer?: 5 years
25.
What is the treatmnent for Prostate cancer?: Radation & chemotherapy as well as a prosteectomy.
26.
Where are sites of metastasis of Prostate cancer common?: Bones like the spine, pelvis, ribs, and femur, through lymph nodes of the pelvis to the liver, adrenal glands & the lungs.
27.
Why are UTI's common in BPH?: Do to incomplete emptying of the bladder
