biology vocab
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21 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 hybrid | offspring of crosses between parents with different traits |
| homozygous | term used to refer to an organism that has two identical alleles for a particular trait |
| heterozygous | term used to refer to an oraganism that has two diff.alleles for the same trait |
| punnett square | diagram showing the gene combination that might result from a genetic cross |
| allele | one of a number of different forms of a gene |
| gamete | specialized cell involved in sexual reproduction |
| true breeding | term used to describe organisms that produce offspring identical to themselves if allowed to self pollinate |
| self pollination | the transfer of pollen from the anther to the stigma of the same flower another flower on the same plant or the flower of a plant of the same clone |
| cross pollination | The transfer of pollen from an anther of the flower of one plant to a stigma of the flower of another plant. |
| seregation | seperation of alleles during gamete formation |
| independent assortment | independent segegation of genes during the formation of gametes |
| homologous | term used to refer to chromosomes that each have a corresponding chromosome from the opposite sex parent |
| chromosomes | thread like structures withi the nucleus containing the genetic information that is passed from one generation of cells to the next |
| haploid | term used to a cell that contains only a single set of choromsome and therefore only a single set of genes |
| diploid | term used to refer to a cell that contains both sets of homologous chromosomes |
| meiosis | process by which the number of chromosomes per cell is cut in half through the seperation of homologous chromosomes in a diploid cell |
| crossing over | process in which homologous chromosomes exchange portions of their chromatids duing meiosis |
| gene map | diagram showing the relative locations of each known gene on a particular chromosome |
| linkage | an association between two or more genes on a chromosome that tends to cause the characteristics determined by these genes to be inherited as an inseparable unit |
| autosomes | autosomal chromosome; chromosomes that is not a sex chromosome |
| sex chromosomes | one of two chromosomes that determine an individual's sex females is XX males is XY |
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