| Term | Definition |
| Simile | Comparison with "like" or "as" |
| Implied Metaphor | Embedded in sentence rather than expressed directly as a sentence |
| Synecdoche | Part of something used as whole |
| Metonymy | Entity referred to by one of its attributes |
| Personification | Giving human characteristics to inanimate objects |
| Allusion | Reference to some other particular body of knowledge |
| Pun | Word that suggests two of its meanings |
| Onomatopoeia | Sounds of words related to meaning |
| Hyperbole | Exaggeration |
| Litote | Understatement |
| Irony | Convey opposite of literal meaning |
| Sarcasm | Use of mockery or bitter irony |
| Oxymoron | Juxtaposed words with contradictory meanings |
| Rhetorical Question | Does not seek answer |
| Paradox | Statement that seems untrue, but is true nevertheless |
| Apostrophe | Speaking to something absent or non-human as if alive or present |