|
 Aqueduct | A pipeline or channel built to carry water to populated areas |
| Plebeian | In ancient Rome, one of the common farmers, artisans, & merchants who made up most of the population |
| Phalanx | A military formation of foot soilders armed with spears and sheilds |
| Patrician | In ancient Rome, a memeber of the wealthy, privileged upper class |
| Helot | In the society of ancient Sparta, a peasant bound to the land |
| Mercenary | A soilder who is paid to fight in a foreign army |
| Aristocracy | A gov't in which power is in the hands of a hereditary ruling class or nobility |
| Civil Service | The administration departments of a gov't - especially those in which employees are hired on the basis of their scores on examinations |
| Mycenean | An Indo-European person who settled on the Greek mainland around 2000 B.C |
| Bishop | High-ranking Christian official who supervises a number of local churches |
| Acropolis | A fortified hilltop in an ancient Greek city |
| Matriarchal | Relating to a social system in which the mother is head of the family |
| Patriarchal | Relating to a social system in which the father is head of the family |
| Democracy | A gov't controlled by its citizens either directly or through representatives |
| Dictator | In ancient Rome, a political leader given absolute power to make laws and command the army for a limited time |
| Apostle | One of the followers of Jesus who preached and spread his teachings |
| Stupa | Mounded stone structures built over Buddhist holy relics |
| Hellenistic | Relating to the civilization, language, art, science, and literature of the Greek world from the reign of Alexander the Great to the late second century B.C |
| Push-pull Factors | Conditions that draw people to another location (pull factors) or cause people to leave their homelands and migrate to another region (push factors) |
| Monopoly | A group's exclusive control the production and distribution of certain goods |
| Sahel | An African religion along the southern border of the Sahara |
| Animism | The belief that spirits are present in animals, plants and other natural objects |
| Diaspora | The dispersal of the Jews from their homeland in Palestine - especially during the period of more than 1,800 years that followed the Roman's destruction of the Temple in Jerusalem in A.D 70 |
| Oligarchy | A gov't in which power is in the hands of a few people - especially one is which rule is based on wealth |
| Polis | Greek City-state - the fundamental political unit of ancient Greece after about 750 B.C |
| Philosopher | A thinker who uses logic and reason to investigate the nature of the universe, human society and mortality |
| Epic | A long narrative poem celebrating the deeds of legendary or traditional heroes |
| Republic | A form of gov't in which power is in the hands of representatives and leaders are elected by citizens who have the right to vote |
| Assimilation | The adoption of a conqueror's culture by a conquered people; a policy in which a nation forces or encourages a subject for people to adopt its institutions and customs |
| Tyrant | In ancient Greece, a powerful individual who gained control of a city-state's gov't by appealing to the poor for support |
| Tragedy | A serious form of drama dealing with the downfall of a heroic or noble character |
| Pax Romana | A period of peace and prosperity throughout the Roman Empire, lasting from about 27 B.C to A.D 180 |
| Triumvirate | In ancient Rome, a group of 3 leaders sharing control of the gov't |
| Savanna | A flat grassy plain |
| Brahma | A Hindu god considered the creator of the world |
| Pope | The bishop of Rome, head of the Roman Catholic Church |