HemOnc Peripheal Blood Morphology
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40 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 RBC normal size | size of a lymphocyte nucleus |
| Anisocytosis | RBC which vary widely in size |
| microcytosis | RBCs that are small. can use lymphocyte nucleus for comparison |
| 3 causes of microcytosis | (1) iron deficiency (2) thalassemia (3) sideroblastic anemia |
| macrocytosis | large RBCs |
| 6 causes of macrocytosis | (1)high reticulocyte num (2) B12/ folate def (3)liver disease (4)thyroid disease (5)chemo (6)AZT |
| hypochromasia | RBC that have too little hemoglobin. area of central paller greater than 1/3 total diameter |
| how to measure hypochromasia | MCH |
| Polychromasia | RBC that have more of a bluish tinge. are larger and prob reticulocytes |
| Polikilocytosis | RBC vary widely in shape |
| Target cells | look like bulls-eyes |
| 4 causes of Target cells | (1) liver diease (2) thalassemias (3) hemoglobin c (4) after splenectomy |
| Spherocytes | RBCs lose central pallor |
| 2 causes of Spherocytes | (1) hereditary spherocytosis (2) autoimmune hemolysis |
| Schistocytes | RBC fragments with sharp edges |
| cause of schistocytes | Microangiopathic Hemolytic Anemia |
| Echinocytes (burr cells) | have small regular projections |
| cause of echinocytes | renal disease |
| acanthocytes (spur cells) | have larger irregular projections |
| cause of acanthocytes | liver diease |
| Teardrop cells | seen in myelophthisic processes (marrow infiltration diseases) |
| 4 causes of teardrop cells | (1) Myelofibrosis (2)tumor mtastic to marrow (3)granulomatous diease (4) leukemia and lymphomas |
| Howell-Jolly Bodies | some round purple inclusions in RBCs. are nuclear remnants |
| Cause of Howell-Jolly Bodies | seen after splenectomy or in spenic hypofunction |
| Rouleaux | linear arrangments of RBCs |
| causes of Rouleaux | high Ig (1) multiple myeloma (2) Waldenstrom's mcroglobulinemia (3) hypoalbuminemia |
| agglutination | occurs when RBCs are coated with IgM |
| Iron Deficiency Anemia presentation | hypochromic, microcytic cells. high platelet numbers |
| Betha Thalassemia major presentation | (1) target cells (2) howell-jolly body (3) Nucleated red cell (4) schistocyte (5) basophilic stippling |
| Megaloblastic anemia presentation | macrocytic RBCs. Hypersegmented neutrophils |
| cause of hypersegmented neutrophils | Megaloblastic anemia |
| Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia (AIHA) | polychromasia microspherocytes |
| Components of CBC | hemoglobin, hematocrit, WBC, RBC, platelets, MCV, MCH, MCHC, RDW |
| MCV | average size of RBC. Indicates microcytosis (SIT) or macrocytosis (MAC BELT) |
| MCH | amound of hemoglobin in RBC. can indicate Hypochromasia |
| MCHC | hemoglobin concentration |
| RDW | RBC distribution width. indicates Anisocytosis |
| normal MCV value | 80-100 |
| normal reticulocyte level | 5-10% |
| microshperocytes | due to autoimmune hemolysis |
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