Anatomical Kinesiology - Ch. 1
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Created by:
rachel_consani on August 24, 2011
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Terminology
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63 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 Kinesiology | Study of movement |
| Biomechanics | Mechanical principles that relate directly to the human body |
| Kinetics | forces causing movement |
| Kinematics | Time, space, and mass aspects of a moving system |
| Anatomical Position | Standing in an upright position, eyes forward, feet parallel and close together, arms at the sides palms facing forward |
| Fundamental Position | Standing in an upright position, eyes forward, feet parallel and close together, arms at the sides facing inwards towards side of body |
| Medial | Towards midline of body |
| Lateral | Away from midline of body |
| Anterior | Front of body, or a position closer to the front |
| Posterior | Back of body or a position more towards the back |
| Ventral | Anterior - front of body |
| Dorsal | Posterior - back of body |
| Distal | Away from trunk |
| Proximal | Toward trunk |
| Superior | indicate location of body part that is above another or to refer to the upper surface or organ or structure |
| Inferior | Indicate location of body part that is below another or lower surface of an organ or structure |
| Cranial | position or structure close to head |
| Caudal | Position or structure close to feet |
| Superficial | close to the surface |
| Deep | Not close to the surface |
| Supine | person is lying straight |
| Prone | person is horizontal |
| Bilateral | refers to two or both sides |
| Contralateral | Refers to opposite side |
| ipsilateral | same side of body |
| Arm | humerous |
| Forearm | radius and ulna |
| Hand | distal to the wrist |
| thigh | femur |
| led | tibia and fibula |
| foot | distal to the ankle |
| thorax | chest |
| abdomen | lower trunk |
| neck | cervical vertebrae |
| head | skull |
| linear motion | (translatory motion) straight line from one location to another on body part |
| rectilinear motion | movement that occurs in straight line |
| curvilinear motion | movement in occurs in a curved path that isn't necessarily circular |
| angular motion | movement of an object around a fixed point |
| osteokinematics | relationship of movement of bones around a joint axis (humerous moving on scaplua) |
| arthokinematics | joint surface movement |
| Flexion | bending movement of one bone on another |
| Extension | straightening movement of one bone away from another |
| Hyperextension | continuation of extension beyond the anatomical position |
| Palmar Flexion | flexion at the wrist |
| Plantar Flexion | flexion at the ankle |
| Dorsiflexion | extension at the wrist and ankle |
| Abduction | movement away from the midline of body |
| Adduction | movement toward midline |
| horizontal abduction | shoulder movement backward |
| horizontal adduction | shoulder movement forward |
| redial deviation | hand moves laterally, or toward thumb side |
| deviation | hand moves medially from the anatomical position toward the little finger at the wrist |
| lateral bending | trunk moves sideways |
| circumduction | motion that describes circular cone-shaped pattern |
| medial rotation | anterior surface rolls inward toward the midline |
| Lateral Rotation | anterior surface rolls outward away from the midline |
| Supination | palm of hand faces forward |
| Pronation | palm of hand faces backward |
| Inversion | moving the sole of the foot inward |
| Eversion | moving the sole of the foot outward |
| Protraction | mostly a linear movement along a plane parallel to the ground and away from the midline |
| retraction | mostly linear movement in the same plane but toward the midline |
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