The Civil War

Terms	Definitions
Abraham Lincoln	President of the United States of America during the Civil War.
Jefferson Davis	President of the Confederate States of America during the Civil War.
Anaconda Plan	The three-part strategy by which the Union proposed to defeat the Confederacy in the Civil War.
Copperheads	Group of Northern Democrats who opposed the Civil War and sympathized with the South.
Robert E. Lee	Top general in the Confederacy. A former Union officer that was offered command of the Union Army, later joined the South after his native Virginia seceded.
Stonewall Jackson	Confederate general, known as General Lee's "right hand man;" killed by friendly fire at the Battle of Chancellorsville.
Ulysses S. Grant	Successful Union general who won battles in the Western Theater before being promoted as the top commander of the Union Army.
George McClellan	Top Union general at the beginning of the war. An over-cautious general, he was fired by President Lincoln for failure to press Lee's Confederate troops in Richmond.
William T. Sherman	A successful Union general who implemented the tactic of "total war" in order to defeat the South. Led successful military campaign to conquer Georgia, South Carolina, and North Carolina.
David Farragut	Union naval admiral whose fleet captured New Orleans and Baton Rouge.
Clara Barton	Union nurse during the Civil War, known as an "angel of the battlefield;" founded the American Red Cross in 1881.
Red Cross	Relief agency founded by Clara Barton in 1881.
Emancipation Proclamation	An executive order issued by Abraham Lincoln on January 1, 1863, freeing the slaves in all regions controlled by the Confederacy.
habeas corpus	The right not to be held in prison without first being charged with a specific crime.
conscription	The drafting of civilians to serve in the army.
Income Tax	Tax that takes a percentage of an individual's salary (income).
border states	Slave states that remained in the Union (Missouri, Kentucky, Maryland, and Delaware).
Gettysburg Address	A speech given by Abraham Lincoln on November 19, 1863 stating that the purpose of the Civil War was to protect liberty, equality, and democratic ideas.
John Wilkes Booth	An American stage actor and Confederate sympathizer who assassinated Abraham Lincoln on April 14, 1865.
13th Amendment	An amendment passed in 1865 that abolished slavery.