| Term | Definition |
| Equator | an imaginary line that divides the Earth into the Northern and Southern hemispheres |
| continent | one of Earth's seven large land masses |
| International Date Line | imaginary line that runs north and south through the Pacific Ocean that begins each day |
| Prime Meridian | imaginary line that divides the Earth into the Eastern and Western hemispheres |
| longitude | imaginary line on the Earth's surface that measures distance east or west of the Prime Meridian |
| projection | a way of showing the Earth's curved surface on a flat map |
| Physical Map | a map that shows the landforms (lakes, rivers, mountains, deserts, etc.) on the Earth's surface |
| Political Map | used to show human created features on the Earth's surface such as cities, states, and countries |
| hemisphere | half of the globe, separated by the Equator or the prime meridian (they are divided into Northern, Southern, Eastern, and Western) |
| landform | a naturally occurring feature on the Earth's surface |
| latitude | imaginary lines on the Earth's surface that measure distance north or south of the Equator |
| Grid System | the imaginary network of latitude and longitude lines that indicate a place's exact location |