Pre-AP Plants
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43 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 sporophyte | diploid phase of plant; produces spores |
| gametophyte | haploid phase of plant; produces gametes |
| xylem | vascular tissue; carries water from roots to rest of plant |
| phloem | vascular tissue; carries sugars from leaves to rest of plant |
| root | underground organ; absorbs water & minerals |
| leaf | photosynthetic organ; contains bundles of vascular tissues |
| vein | cluster of vascular tissues in leaves |
| stem | supporting structure connecting roots & leaves; transports water & nutrients between them |
| rhizome | underground stem in ferns |
| frond | large leaf of fern; may be divided into pinnae |
| gymnosperm | seed plant; bears seeds directly on surface of cones |
| angiosperm | flowering plant; bears seeds within layer of tissue |
| cone | seed-bearing structure of gymnosperms |
| flower | seed-bearing structure of angiosperms |
| pollen grain | male gametophyte in seed plants |
| seed | embryo of living plant; encased in protective covering, surrounded by food supply |
| seed coat | surrounds & protects plant embryo, keeps it from drying out |
| fruit | wall of tissue surrounding angiosperm seed |
| monocot | angiosperm whose seeds have 1 cotyledon |
| dicot | angiosperm whose seeds have 2 cotyledons |
| cotyledon | 1st leaf produced by embryo of seed plant |
| vascular bundle | plant stem structure; contains xylem & phloem tissue |
| primary growth | plant growth pattern; occurs at tip of roots & shoots |
| secondary growth | plant growth pattern where stems increase in width |
| mesophyll | specialized ground tissue; makes up bulk of leaf, performs photosynthesis |
| stoma | opening on underside of leaf; allows O2 & CO2 to diffuse in & out |
| guard cell | specialized cell in leaf epidermis; controls opening & closing of stomata by responding to changes in water pressure |
| cuticle | waxy layer often covering leaf epidermis to reduce water loss |
| transpiration | loss of water from a plant through its leaves |
| sepal | outermost circle of flower parts; encloses & protects bud |
| stamen | male part of flower; composed of anther + filament |
| filament | long thin flower structure; supports anther |
| anther | flower structure; produces haploid male gametophytes (pollen grains) |
| carpel | innermost part of flower (also called pistil); produces female gametophytes; composed of ovary + style + stigma |
| ovary | flower structure containing ovules; produces female gametophytes |
| style | narrow stalk of carpel |
| stigma | sticky portion at top of style where pollen grains land |
| phototropism | tendency of plants to grow towards light source |
| gravitropism | response of plants to the force of gravity |
| photoperiodism | response of plants to periods of light & darkness |
| capillary action | tendency of water to rise in a thin tube |
| petal | brightly colored structure just inside the sepels; attracts insects and other pollinators to a flower |
| root cap | tough structure that protects a root as it forces its way through the soil |
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