AP Psych Chapter 1
About this set
Created by:
beatlesfan4evr on August 29, 2011
Log in to favorite or report as inappropriate.
Order by
35 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 Empiricism | the view that knowledge that comes from experience via the senses and science flourishes through observation and experiment |
| Structuralism | an early school of psychology that used introspection to explore the elemental structure of the human mind |
| Functionalism | a school of psychology that focused on how mental and behavioral processes function-how they enable the organism to adapt, survive, and flourish |
| Psychology | the science of behavior and mental processes |
| Nature-Nurture Issue | the longstanding controversy over the relative contributions that genes and experience make to the development of psychological traits and behaviors |
| Neuroscience | how the body and brain enable emotions, memories, and sensory experiences |
| Evolutionary | how the natural selection of traits promotes the perpetuation of one's genes |
| Behavior Genetics | how much our genes and our environment influence our individual differences |
| Psychodynamic | how behavior springs from unconscious drives and conflicts |
| Behavioral | how we learn observable responses |
| Cognitive | how we encode, process, store, and retrieve information |
| Social-cultural | how behavior and thinking vary across situations and cultures |
| Basic Research | pure science that aims to increase the scientific knowledge base |
| Applied Research | scientific study that aims to solve practical problems |
| Clinical Psychology | a branch of psychology that studies, assesses, and treats people with psychological disorders |
| Psychiatry | a branch of medicine dealing with psychological disorders; practiced by physicians who sometimes provide medical treatments as well as psychological therapy |
| SQ3R | a study method incorporating five steps: Study, Question, Read, Rehearse, Review |
| Plato and Socrates | these people concluded that mind is separable from body and continues after the body dies, and that knowledge is innate (built within us) |
| Aristotle | was different from his teachers because he believed that knowledge came from careful observation; said knowledge is NOT preexisting |
| Aristotle | came up with the theory that knowledge is not preexisting; it grows from the experiences stored in our memories |
| Wundt | established the first psychology laboratory |
| Descartes | agreed with Socrates and Plato; he conjectured how the physical body and the brain communicate |
| Bacon | believed that human understanding easily supposes a greater degree of order and equality in things than it really finds |
| Locke | argued that the mind at birth is a blank slate on which experience writes |
| Wundt | conducted psychology's first experiment |
| Titchener | developed the idea of structuralism |
| James | believed in studying the evolved functions of our thoughts and feelings; developed functionalism |
| Calkins | female student of James, she was refused a Harvard degree; pioneer in memory research and American Psychological Association President |
| Washburn | first woman to receive a psychology Ph.D. |
| Watson | demonstrated conditional responses on "little Albert" |
| Skinner | a leading "behaviorist". he rejected introspection and studied how consequences shape behavior |
| Pavlov | pioneered the study of learning |
| Freud | controversial personality theorist |
| Piaget | studied children |
| Watson | defined psychology as "the science of observable behavior" |
First Time Here?
Welcome to Quizlet, a fun, free place to study. Try these flashcards, find others to study, or make your own.