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All 246 terms

TermDefinition
alliterationrepetition of the same sound or letter at the beginning of consecutive words or syllables
allusionindirect reference to another text or historic event
analogyan extended comparison between two seemingly disimilar things
anecdotea short account of an interesting event
annotationexplanatory or critical notes added to a text
antecedentthe noun to which a later pronoun refers
antithesisparallel structure that juxtaposes contrasting ideas
aphorisma short, astute statement of a general truth
connotationthat which is implied by a word, as opposed to the word's literal meaning (see denotation)
denotationthe literal meaning of a word; its dicitionary definition
dictionword choice
epigrama brief witty statement
figurative languagethe use of tropes or figures of speech; going beyond literal meaning to achieve literary effect
figure of speechan expression that strives for literary effect rather than conveying a literal meaning
hyperboleexaggeration for the purpose of emphasis
ironya contradition between what is said and what is meant; incongruity between action and results
metaphora figure of speech or trope through which one thing is spoken of as though it were something else, thus making an implicit comparison
metonymyuse of an aspect of something to represent the whole
omniscient narratoran all-knowing, usually third-person narrator
oxymorona figure of speech that combines two contradictory terms
paradoxa statement that seems contradicotry but is actually true
parodya piece that imitates and exaggerates the prominent features of another; used for comic effect or ridicule
pathosa Greek term that refers to suffering but has come to be associated with broader appeals to emotion; one of Aristotle's three rhetorical appeals (see ethos and logos)
periodic sentencea sentence that builds towards, and ends with the main clause
personathe speaker, voice, or character assumed by the author of a piece of writing
personificationassigning human characteristics to inanimate objects
rhetoricthe study of effective, persuasive language use; according to Aristotle, use of the "available means of persuasion"
rhetorical modepatterns of organization developed to achieve a specific purpose; modes include but are not limited to narration, description, comparision and contrast, cause and effect, definition, exemplificaiton, classifcation and division, process analysis, and argumentation
rhetorical questiona question asked more to produce an effect than to summon an answer
satirean ironic, sarcastic, or witty composition that claims to argue for something, but actually argues against it
similea figure of speech that uses "like" or "as" to compare two things
stylethe distinctive quality of speech or writing created by the selection and arrangement of works and figures of speech
syllogisma form of deductive reasoning in which the conclusion is supported by a major and minor premise
syntaxsentence structure
thesisthe central idea in a work to which all parts of the work refer
tonethe speaker's attitude toward the subject or audience
tropeartful diction; the use of language in a nonliteral way; also called a figure of speech
understatementlack of emphasis in a statement or point; restraint in language often used for ironic effect
point of viewany of several possible vantage points; omniscient, limited to that of a single character, and limited to that of several characters
settingthe background to a story
themethe main thought expressed by a work
allegorya story in which people, things and events have another meaning
ambiguitya vagueness of meaning; a conscious lack of clarity meant to evoke multiple meanings or interpretations
digressionthe use of material unrelated to the subject of a work
euphemisma figure of speech using indirection to avoid offensive bluntness
parablea story designed to suggest a principle, illustrate a moral, or answer a question
onomatopoeiathe use of words whose tone suggests their meaning
clausea group of words containing a subject and its verb that may or may not be a complete sentence
ellipsisthe omission of a word or several words necessary for a complete construction that is still understandable
parallel structurea similar grammatical structure within a sentence or within a paragraph
abstractan abbreviated synopsis of a longer work of scholarship or research
ad hominemdirected to or appealing to feelings or prejudices instead of to intellet or reason
adagea saying or proverb containing a truth based on experience and often couched in metaphorical language
anachronisma person, scene, event or other element that fails to correspond with the appropriate time or era
antagonista character or force in a work of literature that, by opposing the protagonist, produces tension or conflict
Apollonianin contrast to Dionysian, it refers to the most noble, godlike qualties of human nature and behavior
apostrophea locution that addresses a person or personified thing not present
archcharacterized by clever or sly humor, often saucy, playful and somewhat irreverent
archetypean abstract or ideal conception of a type
assonancethe repetition of two or more vowel sounds in a group of words in prose or poetry
barda poet; in olden times, a performer who told heroic stories to musical accompaniment
bathosinsincere or overdone sentimentality
belle-lettresa French term for the world of books, criticism, and literature in general
bibliographya list of works cited or otherwise relevant to a particular subject
bombastinflated, pretentious language
burlesquea work of literature meant to ridicule a subject; a grotesque imitation
cacophonygrating, inharmonious sounds
canonthe considered most important in a national literature or period; works widely read and studied
caricaturea grotesque likeness of striking qualities in persons and things
carpe diemliterally, "seize the day"
circumlocutionliterally, "talking around" a subject
classica highly regarded work of literature or other art form that has withstood the test of time
classical, classicismderiving from the orderly qualities of ancient Greek and Roman culture
climaxthe high point, or turning point, of a story or play
comparision and contrasta mode of discourse in which two or more things are compared and contrasted
conceita witty or ingenious thought
concrete detaila highly specific, particular, often real, actual or tangible detail; opposite of abstract
consonancethe repetition of two or more consonant sounds in a group of words or a unit of speech or writing
critiquean analysis or assessment of a thing or situation for the purpose of determining its nature, its limitations, and its conformity to a set of standards
cynicone who expects and observes nothing but the worst of human conduct
deductive reasoninga method of reasoning by which specific definitions, conclusions, and theorems are drawn from general principals
de'nouementthe resolution that occurs at the end of a narrative or drama, real or imagined
descriptive detailgraphic, exact, and accurate presentation of the characteristics of a person, place or thing
deus ex machinain literature, the use of an artifical device or gimmick to solve a problem
didactichaving an instructive purpose; intending to convey information to teach a lesson usually in a dry, pompous manner
Dionysianas distinguished from Apollonian, the word refers to sensual, pleasure-seeking impulses
dramatic ironya circumstance in which the audience or reader knows more about a situation than a character
elegya poem or prose selection that laments or meditates on the passing or death of someone of something of value
elliptical constructiona sentence containing a deliberate omission of words
empathya feeling of association or identification with an object or person
epica narrative poem that tells of the adventures and exploits of a hero
euphonypleasing, harmonious sounds
epithetan adjective or phrase that expresses a striking quality or a person or thing
eponymousa term for the title character of a work of literature
exegesisa detailed analysis or interpretation of a work of prose or poetry
exposea piece of writing that reveals weaknesses, faults, frailties, or other shortcomings
expositionthe background and events that lead to the presentation of the main idea or purpose of an essay or other work
explicationthe interpretation or analysis of a text
extended metaphora series of comparisons between two unlike objects
fablea short tale often with nonhuman chacters from which a useful lesson may be drawn
fallacy, fallacious reasoningan incorrect belief or supposition based on faulty data, defective evidence, or false information
fantasya story containing unreal, imaginary features
farcea comedy that contains an extravagant and nonsensical disregard of seriousness, although it may have a serious, scornful purpose
framea structure that provides a premise or setting for a narrative or other discourse
genrea term used to describe literary forms, such as novel, play, and essay
haranguea forceful sermon, lecture, or tirade
homilya lecture or sermon on a religious or moral theme meant to guide human behavior
hubrisexcessive pride that often affects tone
humanisma belief that emphasizes faith and optimism in human potential and creativity
idylla lyric poem or passage that describes a kind of ideal life or place
indirect quotationa rendering of a quotation in which actual words are not stated but only approximated or paraphrased
inductive reasoninga method of reasoning in which a number of specific facts or examples are used to make a generalization
inferencea conclusion or proposition arrived at by considering facts, observations, or some other specific data
invectivea direct verbal assault; a denunciation; casting blame on someone or something
kenninga device employed in Anglo-Saxon poetry in which the name of a thing is replaced by one of its functions or qualities
lampoona mocking, satirical assault on a person or situation
litotesa form of understatement in which the negative of the contrary is used to achieve emphasis or intensity
loose sentencea sentence that follows the customary word order of English sentences. The main idea of the sentence is presented first and is then followed by one or more subordinate clauses
lyrical prosepersonal, reflective prose that reveals the speaker's thoughts and feelings about the subject
malapropisma confused use of words in which the appropriate word is replaced by one with a similar soud but inappropriate meaning
maxima saying or proverb expressing common wisdom or truth
melodramaa literary form in which events are exaggerated in order to create an extreme emotional response
metaphysicala term describing poetry that uses elaborate conceits, expresses the complexities of love and life, and is highly intellectual
Middle Englishthe language spoken in England roughly between 1150 and 1500 A.D.
mock epica parody of traditional epic from
mock solemnityfeigned or deliberately artificial seriousness, often for satirical purposes
modethe general form, patterm, and manner of expression of a piece of discourse
montagea quick succession of images or impressions used to express an idea
moodthe emotional tone or prevailing atmosphere in a work of literature or other discourse. In grammar, mood refers to the intent of a particular sentence.
morala brief and often simplistic lesson that a reader may infer from a work of literature
motifa phrase, idea, or event that through repition serves to unify or convey a theme in an essay or other discourse
muse(n.) one of the ancient Greek goddesses presiding over the arts; the imaginary source of inspiration for an artist or writer. (v.) To reflect deeply; to ponder
mythan imaginary story that has become an accepted part of the cultural or religious tradition of a group or society
narrativea from of verse or prose that tells a story
naturalisma term often used as a synonym for realism; also a view of experience that is generally characterized as bleak and pessimistic
non sequitura statement or idea that fails to follow logically from the one before
objectiveof or relating to facts and reality, as opposed to private and personal feelings and attitudes
odea lyric poem usually marked by serious, respectful, and exalted feelings toward the subject
Old Englishthe Anglo-Saxon language spoken from approximately 450 to 1150 A.D. in what is now Great Britain
paraphrasea version of a text put into simplier, everyday words
pastorala work of literature dealing with rural life
pathetic fallacyfaulty reasoning that inappropriately ascribes human feelings to nature or nonhuman objects
pedanticnarrowly academic instead of broad and humane; excessively petty and meticulous
plotthe interrelationship among the evnts in a story
predicatethe part of a sentence that is not the grammatical subject
proseany discourse that is not poetry
proverba short pithy statement of a general truth, one that condenses common experience into memorable form
pseudonyma false name or alias used by writers
pulp fictionnovels written for mass consumption, often emphasizing exciting and titillating plots
puna humorous play on words, using similar-sounding or identical words to suggest different meanings
realismthe depiction of people, things, and events as they really are without idealization or exaggeration for effect
rebuttal, refutationthe part of discourse wherein opposing arguments are anticipated and answered
reiterationrepetitin of an idea using different words, often for emphasis or other effect
repetitionreuse of the same words, phrases, or ideas for rhetorical effect, usually to emphasize a point
retractionthe withdrawal of a previously stated idea or opinion
rhetorical stancelanguage that conveys a speaker's attitude or opinion with regard to a particular subject
rhymethe repitition of similar sounds at regualar intervals, used mostly in poetry but not unheard of in prose
rhythmthe pattern of stressed amd unstressed syllables that make up speech and writing
romancean extanded narrative abput improbable events and extraordinary people in exotic places
sarcasma sharp, caustic attitude conveyed in words through jibes, taunts, or other remarks
sentence structurethe arrangement of the parts of a sentence
sentimenta synonym for view of feeling; also a refined and tender emotion in literature
sentimentala term that describes characters' excessive emotional response to experience
stream of consciousnessa style of writing in which the author tries to reproduce the random flow of thoughts in the human mind
stylistic devicesa general term referring to diction, syntax, tone, figurative language, and all other elements that contribute to the "style" or manner of a given piece of discourse
subject complementthe name of a grammatical unit that is comprised of predicate moninatives and predicate adjectives
subjectiveof or relating to private and personal feelings and attitudes as opposed to facts and reality
subtextthe implied meaning that underlies the main meaning of an essay or other work
symbolismthe use of one subject to evoke ideas and associations not literally part of the original object
synecdochea figure of speech in which a part signifies the whole or the whole signifies the part
tragedya form of literature in which the hero is destroyed by some character flaw and by a set of forces that cause the hero considerable anguish
transitiona stylistic device used to create a link between ideas
verbal ironya discrepancy between the true meaning of a situation and the literal meaning of the written or spoken words
versea synonym for poetry; also a group of lines in a song or poem; also a single line of poetry
verisimilitudesimilar to the truth; the quality of realism in a work that persuades readers that they are getting a vision of life as it is
whimsyan object, device, or creation that is fanciful or rooted in unreality
witthe quickness of intellect and the power and talent for saying brilliant things that surprise and delight by their unexpectedness
anaphorathe repetition of words at the beginning of successive clauses
appositivea word or phrase that renames a nearby noun or pronoun
antimetabolethe repetition of words in an inverted order to sharpen a contrast
archaic dictionthe use of words common to an earlier time period; antiquated language
argumenta statement put forth and supported by evidence
Aristotelian trianglea diagram that represents a rhetorical situation as the relationship among the speaker, the subject, and the audience
assertionan emphatic statement; declaration
assumptiona belief or statement taken for granted without proof
asyndetonleaving out conjunctions between words, phrases, clauses
attitudethe speaker's position on a subject as revealed through his or her tone
audienceone's listener or readership; those to whom a speech or piece of writing is addressed
authoritya reliable, respected source - someone with knowledge
biasprejudice or predisposition toward one side of a subject or issue
citeidentifying a part of a piece of writing as being derived from a source
claiman assertion, usually supported by evidence
close readinga careful reading that is attentive to organization, figurative language, sentence structure, vocabulary, and other literary and structural elements of a text
colloquial/isman informal or conversational use of language
common groundshared beliefs, values, or positions
complex sentencesa sentence that includes one independent clause and at least one dependent clause
concessiona reluctant acknowledgment or yielding
contextwords, events, or circumstances that help determine meaning
coordinationgrammatical equivalence between parts of a sentence, often through a coordinating conjunction such as and, or but
counterargumenta challenge to a position; an opposing argument
credibleworthy of belief; trustworthy
cumulative sentencean independent clause followed by subordinate clauses or phrases that supply additional detail
declarative sentencea sentence that makes a statement
dialectal journala double-column journal in which one writes a quotation in one column and reflections on that quotation in the other column
documentationbibliographic information about the sources used in a piece or writing
elegiacmournful over what has passed or been lost; often used to describe tone
ethosa Greek term referring to the character of a person; one of Aristotle's three rhetorical appeals
explication of textexplanation of a text's meaning through an analysis of all of its constituent parts, including the literary devices used
factsinformation that is true or demonstrable
fragmenta word, phrase, or clause that does not form a full sentence
hortatoryurging, or strongly encouraging
imageryvivid use of language that evokes a reader's senses
imperative sentencea sentence that requests or commands
inversiona sentence in which the verb precedes the subject
ironya contradiction between what is said and what is meant; incongruity between action and results
juxtapositionplacement of two things side by side for emphasis
logosa Greek term that means "word"; an appeal to logic; one of Aristotle's three rhetorical appeals
modifiera word, phrase, or clause that qualifies or describes another word, phrase, or clause
nominalizationturning a verb or adjective into a noun
occasionan aspect of context; the cause or reason for writing
omniscient narratoran all-knowing, usually third-person narrator
pacingthe relative speed that combines two contradictory terms
paradoxa statement that seems contradictory but is actually true
polemican argument against an idea, usually regarding philosophy, politics, or religion
polysyndetonthe deliberative use of a series of conjunctions
premise; major, minortwo parts of a syllogism
pronouna word used to replace a noun or noun phrase
propagandaa negative term for writing designed to sway opinion rather than present information
purposeone's intention or objective in a speech or piece of writing
rhetorical modespatterns of organization developed to achieve a specific purpose; include but are not limited to narration, description, comparison and contrast, cause and effect, definiton, exemplification, classification and division, process analysis, and argumentation
schemea pattern of words or sentence construction used for rhetorical effect
sentence varietyusing a variety of sentence patterns to create a desired effect
similea figure of speech that uses "like" or "as" to compare two things
simple sentencea statement containing a subject and predicate; an independent clause
sourcea book, article, person, or other resource consulted for information
speakera term used for the author, speaker, or the person whose perspective (real or imagined) is being advanced in a speech or piece of writing
straw mana logical fallacy that involves the creation of an easily refutable position; misrepresenting, then attacking an opponent's position
rhetorical trianglea diagram that represents a rhetorical situation as the relationship among the speaker, the subject, and the audience
subjectin rhetoric, the topic addressed in a piece of writing
subordinate clausecreated by a subordinating conjunction, a clause that modifies an independent clause
subordinationthe dependence of one syntactical element on another in a sentence
synthesizecombining or bringing together two or more elements to produce something more complex
thesisthe central idea in a work to which all parts of the work refer
thesis statementa statement of the central idea in a work, may be explicit or implicit
topic sentencea sentence, most often appearing at the beginning of a paragraph, that announces the paragraph's idea and often unites it with the work's thesis
zeugmaa construction in which one word (usually a verb) modifies or governs - often in different, sometimes incongruent ways - two or more words in a sentence
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Set Information

Terms 246
Creator evan-rouse
Created January 4, 2009
Groups None
Subject AP English 3
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Discuss

ShelbyAPLang : Does anyone understand what the scores means? Under Top Users?
ShelbyAPLang : Anyone come up with clever ways to remember the words?
jessica_m_harden : Hey does anyone know how to print off our scores? Oh and by the way the top users means how many scores you've sent :)
ShelbyAPLang : What scores do you mean?
k_peace : how do I enter my scores?
mercedesa : how can you study appendices 1 and 3?
desi_bcl : the scores as in how many times you've taken the tests...i'm guessing. please correct me if i'm wrong :)
jessica_m_harden : so sorry about the late response... yes I meant how did Mr. Hamm want us to record how many times we've done the tests? Thanks guys!
Dylan_J_Judd : how do you do this?
A-Marlo : I've just been printing off the tests after I take them. I don't know hw else to do it...
A-Marlo : how**
lt1992 : Does anybody know exactly what he meant when he said to print off "proof" of our practicing? does that mean print off the score sheet or something?
NinaBuescher : yeppppp. just print it off showing you
NinaBuescher : 've practiced. I think i'll do a screen shot of my amount right.
NinaBuescher : HOW DO WE STUDY APPENDICES 3?! are we supposed to memorize that? for reallll? i sure hope not.
NinaBuescher : ok. i know we are, but do we just have to generally know what happened or for sure? whats so significant about those times? ughhh.
NinaBuescher : this is such a cool site :)
Daniel_Etscheid : how do you record your score
Daniel_Etscheid : nevermind
lindsaycason : yeah so we're just supposed to print off the text results right? because that's what i'm doing! and is ANYONE IN 4TH PERIOD!??
lindsaycason : sorry *test, not text
SpookySarah : I'm going to be so angry if I print off the wrong thing! AHH!
SpookySarah : Does anyone have Hamm 1st period?!
Acting-Out : i've been on this computer since 9:30am and it's now 2:14pm. My head will explode, I know this.
NinaBuescher : everyone in the world is in 4th period. who's in 5th?
NinaBuescher : i know! i have such a hard time memorizing terms! the best way is to do 10 a day :) it takes 23days but you definitely will know em.
NinaBuescher : Devon Carnes has it firsttttt :) but i've already told you that sarah.
emilykellyiscool : i'n in 5th period, nina
mdwill : i am in first, who else?
Farkle182 : Does anyone have spanish 3 honors? If so, are we just suposed to write a 75 word letter about ourselves? or is there something else?
mdwill : Its anything about what you did during your summer
NinaBuescher : hey farkle, have you ever been on facebook and played farkle?!
NinaBuescher : its so fun.
NinaBuescher : im so mad, i just played like 13298471 games and took like ten tests to try and see if thats what works the top user thing and i wasnt even logged in. how depressing....
NinaBuescher : Emily Kelly!!!!! Lisa is in our class :) I'm so happy, I freaking love her (:::
NinaBuescher : ok, does anyone feel like a geek with all these summer assignments?? my entire summer it seems was always spent reading.... how stupid :( watch me fail horribly cause i'm so nervous about these two tests.
NinaBuescher : :'( :-*
NinaBuescher : just seeing what smiles this thing has :) ignore that.
NinaBuescher : ok. is anyone having problems with the tests? I just got the definition for ancedote, and there's like 10 but it gave me one of them but meant to use the other. its ok, i already have the one im printing, its just frustrating. is that happening to anyone else?
ShelbyAPLang : I didn't understand any of that Nina lol
evan-rouse : all the words should be corrected and updated. if you see any errors just comment on them here.
andreapaige92 : thanks for fixing this renee' :) check malapropism :)
mercedesa : I would also consider checking "alliteration" :) !!
Acting-Out : thanks reenee.... i totally didn't get the memo of brand new words... or if I did, i wasn't paying attention. D:
SpookySarah : Good thing this is all fixed. Those misspellings were embarrassing.
Acting-Out : very very true
Last Message: 2 months ago

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Most Missed Words

  1. aphorism a short, astute statement of a general truth - 97 misses
  2. ellipsis the omission of a word or several words necessary for a complete construction that is still understandable - 88 misses
  3. digression the use of material unrelated to the subject of a work - 86 misses
  4. arch characterized by clever or sly humor, often saucy, playful and somewhat irreverent - 83 misses
  5. ad hominem directed to or appealing to feelings or prejudices instead of to intellet or reason - 82 misses
  6. conceit a witty or ingenious thought - 81 misses
  7. deus ex machina in literature, the use of an artifical device or gimmick to solve a problem - 78 misses