| Term | Definition |
| simile | a comparison using "like" or "as" |
| metaphor | a comparison where one thing is said to actually be another |
| personification | giving human characteristics to non-human (or non living) things |
| onomatopoeia | words that sound like their meaning |
| oxymoron | a contradiction |
| hyperbole | an extreme exaggeration |
| metonymy | using one word to represent a whole |
| alliteration | the repetition of a sound |
| consonance | the repetition of the consonance sound |
| assonace | the repetition of the vowel sound |
| mood | the overall feeling of a work |
| tone | the author's attitude toward the subject |
| irony | the difference between what is expected to happen and what actually does happen |