| Term | Definition |
|---|
| oasis | A small area in the desert watered by springs and wells |
| nomad | A member of a group that has no fixed home and moves from place to place |
| tribe | Any system of social organization made up of villages, bands, or other groups with a common ancestry, language, culture, and name |
| idol | An image used as an object of worship |
| bazaar | An open-air market with shops and goods for sale |
| pilgrimage | A journey to a sacred place or shrine |
| Quran | The sacred book of Islam |
| Islam | A religion based on the teachings of the prophet Muhammad |
| Muslim | A believer in Islam, one who submites to Allah |
| Mosque | A place of Muslim worship |
| Muhammad | Founder of Islam, prophet of God |
| Allah | Arabic word for God |
| Muezzin | One that calls Muslim worshippers to prayer |
| Kabaa | Square building in Mecca believed by Muslims to be the house Ibrahim erected for God and the focus of Muslim worship |
| Hijra | Muhammad's emigration with his followers from Mecca to Medina in 622. |
| Arab | A person who originated from Arabian peninsula |
| Mecca | A city where Islam originated |
| Ramadan | A month of fasting; the 9th month of the Muslim calendar |
| caliph | The civil and religious ruler of a Muslim state |
| sura | A chapter of the Quran |
| imam | A religious leader; hereditary sucessors of Muhammad, venerated in Shiite Islam |
| jihad | "Struggle" the ideals both of spreading Islamic belief and of heroic self-sacrifice |
| sharia | "path" the whole body of Islamic law, which guides the Muslim's life |
| Shiite | From the Arabic "party;" one who believes that authority passed from the Prophet Muhammad to his lineal descendants |
| Sunni | The majority branch of Islam, which holds that genuine succession from Muhammad did not depend on hereditary descent from his son-in-law Ali |
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