Weed families

Terms	Definitions
Asteraceae	Sunflower *Head inflorescence, Pappus, Milky sap
Disk Flower	the actinomorphic, tubular flowers in Asteraceae; contrasted with flattened, zygomorphic ray flowers. In many asteraceae, the disk flowers occur in the center of the inflorescence, the ray flowers around the margins
Apiaceae	plants having flowers in umbels: parsley dissected leaves;
Brassicaceae	flowers w/ cross-shape, 4-merous, tetradynamous stamens (4+2), often stipate ovary fruit siliques and silices, have false septum (replum)
Silique	length much longer than width, found in mustard family
Silicle	short, squat brassica pod (equal width and length)
Fabaceae	Papilionaceous flower (1 banner, 2 wings, 2 keels) 1 single + 9 fused stamens Legume fruit (pod) Pea Family
Palmately Compound Leaves (Trifoliate)
Pinnately Compound Leaf
Polygonaceae	Buckwheat Family: Perianth of two whorls of 3 tepals each Fruit a three angles achene Stems often with swollen nodes and stipules forming a sheath Small flowers sometimes born in clusters within an involucre
Solanaceae	5 fused sepals, 1 compound pistil of 2 carpels, 5 stamens, berry or septicidial capsule Nightshade
Lamiaceae	Square stem; the mints: aromatic herbs and shrubs having flowers resembling the lips of a mouth and four-lobed ovaries yielding four one-seeded nutlets and including thyme
Boraginaceae	herbs, plants often hairy, leaves alternate, scorpioid or helicoid cymes, flowers actinomorphic, corolla sympetalous, style gynobasic, or terminal and bifid if style terminal and bifid, then stamens usually exserted, ovary superior, 4-lobed when gynobasic), or unilocular 4 nutlets (when gynobasic), or capsule
Scrophulariaceae	Irregular flower (spurred, tubular, 2-lipped) 2 or 4 stamens Capsule fruit (2 loculed)
Euphorbiaceae	milky latex, pair of spines, cyathium, tricarpellate, 3-lobed schizocarp, petals appendages of nectar glands
Chenopodiaceae	Goosefoot family; Tiny green flowers(no petals, clustered, mealy) Seed enclosed by calyx; Waxy leaf surface; Striped or reddish stems
Poaceae	Grass family, monocot, small flowers in spikelets; distinctive bracts, Palea and Lemma
Palea	Inside grass sheath
Lemma	husk
Perfect flower	has both male/female reproductive parts
Complete flower	A flower that has all four basic floral organs: sepals, petals, stamens, and carpels.
Regular: Radial symmetry	More than 1 mirror image
Irregular: Bilateral symmetry	Only 1 mirror image possible
Hypogynous	Floral organization in which the sepals, petals, and stamens are attached to the receptacle below the ovary
Perigynous	The ovary is superior to its surroundings. (flower parts are joins above the ovary, but attached below)
Epigynous	Stamens, petals, sepals attached on rim above ovary