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scatter plot a graph that relates two different sets of data by plotting the data as ordered pairs trend line a line that approximates the relationship between the data sets of a scatter plot. absolute value function a function of the form f(x) = |mx+b| + c, where m cannot equal 0 vertex a function is a point where the function reaches a maximum or minimum translation an operation that shifts a graph horizontally, vertically, or both parent function a family of functions is a group of functions with common characteristics. a parent function is the simplest function with these characteristics. linear inequality an inequality in two variables whose graph is a region of the coordinate plane that is bounded by a line relation a set of pairs of input and output values domain a relation is the set of all inputs, or x-coordinates, or the ordered pairs ranges a relation is the set of all outputs, or y-coordinates, of the ordered pairs mapping diagram links elements of the domain with corresponding elements of the range function a relation in which each element of the domain is paired with exactly one element in the range vertical-line test you can use the vertical-line test to determine whether the relation has a least one element of the domain paired with more than one element of the range function notation f(x) linear function a function whose graph is a line linear equation y=3x+2 dependent variable the Y axis independent variable the X axis slope the line is the ration of the difference of the y-coordinates to the corresponding difference of the x-coordinates standard form of a linear equation ax + by = C point-slope form y - y1 = m(x - x1) slope-intercept form y = mx + b direct variation a linear function defined by an equation of the form y=kx, where k never equals 0 constant variation when x and y are variables, you can write k = y/x