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19 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 polymer | large molecule formed when many smaller molecules bond together |
| amino acids | basic building blocks of protein molecules |
| polyunsaturated fat | more than one double bond between carbon atoms of this lipid, healthiest of three types of lipids |
| nucleic acid | complex biomoleules, such as RNA and DNA, that store cellular information in cell sin the form of a code |
| nucleotides | subunits of nucleic acid formed from a simple sugar, a phosphate group, and a nitrogenous base |
| unsaturated fat | when double covalent bonds form between carbon atoms of this long lipid group |
| ribonucleic acid | a nucleic acid that forms a copy of DNA for use in making proteins |
| enzyme | type of protein found in all living things that changes the rate of chemical equations |
| peptide bond | covalent bond formed between amino acids |
| lipids | large organic compounds made mostly of carbon and hydrogen with a small amount of oxygen |
| starch | branched chains of glucose used to store energy by plant cells and used as food reservoirs by bulbs and seeds |
| saturated fat | when all carbon atoms of this lipid have single bonds with H+ atoms |
| protein | large, complex polymer essential to all life composed of carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, and sometimes sulfur; provides structure for tissues and organs and helps carry out cell metabolism |
| glycogen | a highly branched glucose polymer used by mammals to store energy in the liver |
| cellulose | glucose polymer arranged like a chain-linked fence used b y plants for cell walls and structural support |
| isomers | compounds with the same simple formula but different three-dimensional structures resulting in different physical and chemical properties |
| deoxyribonucleic acid | a nucleic acid; the master copy of an organism's information code that contains the instructions used to form all of an organism's enzymes and structural proteins |
| biomolecule | a large, organic molecule found in living organismsl examples are carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acid |
| carbohydrate | organic compound used by cells to store and release energy; composed of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen |
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