Research: Non-experimental studies
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35 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 What are the four types of non-experimental research? | Survey, Historical, Observation, Analysis of existing data sets |
| What kind of approach does survey research us? | descriptive |
| What is a descriptive approach? | Describe what is, to gain understanding of conditions that currently exist and relationship between existing variables |
| What is an example of a descriptive research question? | Ascertain the attitudes of college students toward lowering the legal drinking age |
| What is a longitudinal study? | When date are collected a several points in time |
| What is a cross-sectional study? | When data are collected at one point in time |
| What is a variable? | A characteristic, trait, attribute or thing that can be classified or measured |
| What is the most popular research desing in the field? | Survey |
| What is an independent variable? | puposely manipulated; usually the researcher controls the variable |
| What is a dependant variable? | What we are interested in; what we expect to change |
| Can studies have more than one IV, DV, or more than both? | yes |
| What determines whether a variable is IV or DV? | the purpose of the study |
| What is the purpose of historical research? | to describe what was, to understand past and present |
| What is surveyresearch characterized by? | the collection of data using standard questionare forms |
| What are some ways that a questionaire can be administered? | by phone, in person, pencil/paper, web-based, email |
| What is the first step in designing a survey study? | Define research objectives |
| When do we use non-experimental research? | When we want to examine a relationship (including the ability of one variable to predict another) |
| Why are descriptive research questions usually the easiest to identify? | because the majority of the time they will use a word meaning "relationship" in the question |
| How do I come up with an RQ? | read, read, read |
| How do I write an RQ? | make it: clear, concise, and definitive; identify key variables being studied, consider the scope |
| What is the second step in designing a survey study? | formulate a hypothesis |
| What is a hypothesis? | a tentative explanation or prediction of the outcome |
| What is a hypothesis based on? | theory or previous research |
| What are two essential qualities of a hypothesis? | simple and clear |
| What must one be able to do with a hypothesis? | test it to see if it's right or wrong |
| When might you not need a hypothesis? | when you want to describe something |
| What is a directional relationship? | Indicates there is a relationship between variables and states in which direction |
| What is a positive directional relationship? | as one variable increases the other variable also increases |
| What is a negative directional relationship? | As one variable increases, the other decreases |
| What is a non-directional hypothesis? | Indicate there is (or isn't) a relationship between variables, with stating in which direction |
| What is the third step in designing a survey study? | Define what information you need |
| What is the fourth step in designing a survey study? | Decide your population |
| What is a population? | the entire group of people of interest from which samples will be selected |
| What is a sample? | A subgroup of the population of interest from which data are collected |
| When determining a population what is especially important to determine? | to what population do you want to generalize your findings to? |
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