| Term | Definition |
|---|
| independent assortment | the random distribution of the pairs of genes on different chromosomes to the gametes |
| law of independent assortment | each member of a pair of homologous chromosomes separates independently of the members of other pairs so the results are random (Law) |
| alleles | Different forms of a gene. Example height (tall or short) in pea plants. |
| linkage groups | Groups of genes that tend to be inherited together. The number of chromosome pairs plays into this |
| Down Syndrome | caused by trisomy of chromosome 21. symptoms include developmentally disabled, diamond shaped eyes, enlarged tongue |
| Klinefelter syndrome | caused by extra X chromosome. Symptoms include for males: underdeveloped testes, sterility, feminine body shape. For females: sterility, developmentally disabled. |
| Turner syndrome | caused by having a monosomy of a X chromosome. Symptoms include: Failure to develop sexually, sterility |
| Karyotype Analysis | usually involves stopping cells divide in mitosis, staining the chromosomes in dye, also involves arranging/comparing chromosomes for their length, the placement of centromeres and the location and the size of gene bands. |
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