| Term | Definition |
|---|
| cell division | process by which a cell splits into 2 daughter cells |
| surface area of cell length 1 cm | 1 cm x 1 cm x 6= 6 cm^2 |
| surface area of cell length 2 cm | 2 cm x 2 cm x 6 = 24 cm^2 |
| surface area of cell length 3 cm | 3 cm x 3 cm x 6 = cm^2 |
| volume of cell length 1 cm | 1 cm x 1 cm x 1 cm = 1 cm^3 |
| volume of cell length 2 cm | 2 cm x 2 cm x 2 cm = 8 cm^3 |
| volume of cell length 3 cm | 3 cm x 3 cm x 3 cm = 27 cm^3 |
| Ratio of surface area to volume cell length 1 cm | 6:1 |
| Ratio of surface area to volume cell length 2 cm | 3:1 |
| Ratio of surface area to volume cell length 3 cm | 2:1 |
| mitosis | First phase of cell division and includes prophase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase |
| cytokinesis | Division of the cytoplasm. Second stage of the cell division. |
| chromosomes | Threadlike structure within the nucleus that carries the genetic information passed from one generation of cel to the next. |
| (sister) chromatids | One of the 2 identical parts of a duplicated chromosome |
| centromere | Located in the middle of the sister chromatid. Where they are attached |
| interphase | The period in which the cell prepares for division. Cell growth, DNA replication, and prep for mitosis |
| cell cycle | Series of events that cells go through as they grow and divide. |
| G1 | Period of cell growth in the interphase |
| S | Period when chromosomes are copied and DNA synthesis takes place in the interphase. |
| G2 | Period when organelles and molecules needed for division are produced in the interphase |
| M phase | Period including mitosis and cytokinesis |
| prophase | Chromatin condenses into chromosomes/centrioles separate/spindle starts to form |
| metaphase | Chromosomes line up across the center/each chromosome connects to a spindle at the centromere |
| anaphase | Sister chromatids separate into individual chromosomes and move apart |
| telophase | Chromosomes gather at opposite ends od cell/2 nuclear envelopes form |
| spindle | Fanlike microtubules that separate chromosomes and attach to the centromeres |
| cyclin | Protein that regulates the cell cycle |
| internal regulator | Proteins that respond to events inside the cell |
| external regulator | Proteins that respond o the events outside of the cells |
| cancer | A disorder in which the body's cells lose the ability to control growth. Disease of the cell cycle |
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