Psychology, 8th edition by David G. Myers, Prologue
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Created by:
theflanman on September 8, 2011
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14 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 Psychology | The scientific study of behavior and mental processes |
| Empiricism | the view that (a) knowledge comes from experience via the senses, and (b) science flourishes through observation and experimentation |
| Structuralism | an early school of psychology that used introspection to explore the elemental structure of the human mind |
| Functionalism | a school of psychology that focused on how mental and behavioral processes function - how they enable the organism to adapt, survive, and flourish. |
| Humanist Psychology | historically significant perspective that emphasized the growth potential of healthy people; used personalized methods to study personality in hopes of fostering personal growth |
| Nature-Nurture Issue | the longstanding controversy over the relative contributions that genes and experience make to the development of psychological traits and behaviors |
| Natural Selection | the principle that, among the range of inherited trait variations, those that lead to increased reproduction and survival will most likely be passed on to succeeding generations |
| Levels of Analysis | the differing complementary views, from biological to psychological to social-cultural, for analyzing any given phenomenon |
| Biopsychological Approach | an integrated perspective that incorporates biological, psychological, and social cultural levels of analysis |
| Basic Research | pure science that aims to increase the scientific knowledge base |
| Applied Research | scientific study that aims to solve practical problems |
| Counseling Psychology | a branch of psychology that assists people with problems in living (often related to school, work, or marriage) and in achieving greater well-being |
| Clinical Psychology | a branch of psychology that studies, assesses, and treats people with psychological disorders |
| Psychiatry | a branch of medicine dealing with psychological disorders; practiced by physicians who sometimes provide medical (for example, drug) treatments as well as psychological therapy |
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