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inorganic nomenclature the study of all the elements except carbon and the compounds they make organic nomenclature the study of carbon and all the compounds it makes ion a positively or negatively charged particle due to loss or gain of electrons atomic number the number of the protons in the nucleus isotope a form of an element with the same number of protons but a different number of electrons loss of electrons positive charge gain of electrons negative charge groups or families columns of the elements periods rows of the elements metalloids halfway between metals and nonmetals most metallic down and right most nonmetallic right and up noble gasses have the right number of valence electrons and rarely bond- only under special circumstances stock system after the name of the transition metal put a roman numeral in parenthesis to show its charge "hat metals" main group metals that need to use the stock system not use stock system for these transition metals Zinc (Zn), Cadmium (Cd), have a charge of +2; Silver (Ag) charge of +1