19 terms

Terms	Definitions
auscultation	the act of listening for sounds within the body
dorsal recumbent	lying on the back, in the supine position, with the knees flexed
lithotomy	lying supine with the hips and knees flexed; used to assess the female genitalia and genital tract
percussion	a technique in physical examination of tapping the body with the fingertips toevaluate the size, borders, and consistency of some internal organs
olfaction	using the sense of smell
otoscope	instrument used to examine the external ear, the eardrum and the ossicles
opthalmoscope	instrument used to check pupillary reaction to light and to inspect the inner eye.
vaginal speculum	bi valved instrument, with two opening blades used for inspection of the vag cav. EMT-B's not authorized to use this.
sphygmomanometer	instrument used to measure blood pressure
periodontal probe	instrument with a long blunt working end calibrated with one to ten millimeter markings that is used to measure periodontal pockets in the gums
explorer	an instrument, with a sharp pointed end, used for exploring the mouth, which helps the examiner detect breaks in enamel, check severity of decay and location popcorn husks and toothpick fragments
Physical Examination	is performed for routine screening, to promote wellness behaviors, for preventative health care measures, to determine eligibility for military service, and to determine the need for admission to a hospital or long term care facility.
Four Skills involved in a Physical Exam	Inspection, Palpation, Percussion, and Auscultation (olfaction may also be considered a skill)
Possible bowel obstruction	vomit with a feces odor
Possible infection	a cast with a musty odor
Possible diabetic acidosis	breath with a sweet, fruity odor
A general survey includes...	Gender, Age, sex, signs of distress, posture, body type, motor activity, gait, dress/grooming, hygiene, mental status, VS, systems check
PERRLA	pupils equal round and reactive to light, accomodation (do eyes adjust to objects as they are close and far away)
Reflex hammer	used to assess sensory and motor pathways; common tendon reflexes include the biceps, triceps, patellar and Achilles.

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