World Cultures Ch.3 vocab
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Created by:
CourtneySchumacher on September 9, 2011
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35 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 Code of Hammurabi | a series of laws publicized at the order of Kind Hammurabi of Babylon. Not a code, but laws that proclaim the King's commitment to social order. |
| cradle of civilization | commonly used term for southern Mesopotamia (in present-day Iraq) |
| cuneiform | Wedge shaped writing in the form of symbols incised into clay tablets: used in Mesopotamia from around 3100 B.C.E to the beginning of the common era. |
| Egypt: "the gift of the nile" | Egypt is known as the gift because the region wouldn't have been able to support large human population without the Nile's annual inundation, which provided silt deposits and made agriculture possible. |
| Epic of Gilgamesh | the most famous extant literary work from Mesopotamia, it tells the story of one man's quest for immortality. |
| Harappa | major city of the Indus Valley civilization, flourished around 2,000 B.C.E |
| Hatshepsut | Ancient Egypt's most famous queen, reigned from 1472-1457 B.C.E |
| Hebrews | Small early civilization credited with the development of a monotheistic faith that provided foundation of Judiasm, Christianity, and Islam |
| Hieroglyphs | Ancient Egyptian writing system means "sacred carvings" named when greeks saw them in Egyptian temples |
| Hittites | Indo-European civilization established in Anatolia in 18th century B.C.E |
| Hyksos | pastoral group of unknown ethinticity. invaded Egypt and ruled in North from 1650 to 1535 B.C.E dominance based on their use of horses,chariots, and bronze technology. |
| Indus Valley | Home of major civilization in Pakistan during the 3rd millenium B.C.E in valleys of indus and Saraswat rivers. Known for uniformity in elaborate planned cities |
| Mandate of Heaven | idealogical under pinning of Chinese emperors. Belief that ruler held authority by command of divine force as long as he ruled morally and benevolently. |
| Mesopotamia | the "land between the rivers" Tigris and Euphrates in what is now Iraq |
| Minoan Civilization | Advanced Civilization that developed on the island of Crete around 2,500 B.C.E |
| Mohenjo Daro | A major city of the Indus Valley civilization; flourished around 2,000 B.C.E |
| Norte Chico/Caral | Norte Chico was a region along the central coast of Peru, home of a civilization between 3,000 to 1800 B.C.E Caral was the largest of 25 urban centers that emerged in the area at that time. |
| Nubia | civilization to the south of Egypt in the Nile valley noted for the development of an alphabetic writing system and a major ironworking industry by 500 B.C.E |
| Olmec Civilization | early civilization that developed along the coast of the gulf of mexico around 1200 B.C.E |
| Oracle Bones | In chinese civilization, animal bones were heated and the craks in them interpreted as prophecies. Prophecies than written on the bone and provide earliest written sources for ancient China |
| patriarchy | "rule of the Father" a social system of male dominance |
| pharaoh | a king of Egypt. Term means "the Palace" only came into use in New Kingdom generally employed in reference of all ancient Egyptian rulers |
| Phoenicians | civilization in Lebanon creators of first alphabetic writing system |
| Pyramid | monumental tomb for an egyptian pharoh; built in Old kingdom |
| quipu | series of knotted cords, used for accounting and as a form of writing in Norte Chico civilization. |
| rise of the state | process of centralization that took place in the first civilizations growing out of the greator complexity of urban life in recognition of the need for coordination, regulation, adjudication and military leadership |
| Salinization | the build up of minerals in soil, decreasing the fertility and can be caused by long-term irrigation |
| Sanxingdui | an ancient city of China that developed independently from the Shang Dynasty |
| Shang dynasty | Period of Chinese history from 1766 to 1122 B.C.E |
| Son of heaven | Title of the ruler of China, first known from Zhou dynasty acknowledges rulers position as intermediary between heaven and earth |
| Teotihuacan | Largest city of ancient Mesoamerica: flourished around 500 C.E |
| Uruk | largest city of Mesopotamia |
| Xia dynasty | a legendary series of monarchs of early China, traditionally dated to 2200-1766 |
| Zhou dynasty | period of Chinease history from 1122 to 250 B.C.E |
| ziggurat | ... |
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