| Term | Definition |
|---|
| ionic bond | a bond that forms when electrons are transferred from one atom to another,which results in a positive ion and a negative ion. |
| covalent bond | a chemical bond that involves sharing a pair of electrons between atoms in a molecule |
| octet | an arrangement of eight electrons in the outer electron energy level |
| single bond | a covalent bond in which two atoms share one pair of electrons. |
| double bond | a covalent bond in which two pairs of electrons are shared between two atoms |
| triple bond | a covalent bond produced by the sharing of three pairs of electrons between two atoms |
| lone pair | a pair of valence electrons that is not shared between atoms; also known as unshared or nonbonding pair |
| polar bond | a covalent bond in which electrons are shared unequally |
| nonpolar bond | a covalent bond in which electrons are shared equally |
| polar molecule | molecule with an unequal distribution of charge, resulting in the molecule having a positive end and a negative end. |
| nonpolar molecule | molecule that contains no polarized bonds, or a molecule containing polarized bonds in which the resulting charges are distributed symmetrically throughout the molecule |
| lattice | formation of non-metals and metals bonded together making up the smallest part of an element or compound and capable of seperate exsistence. 3D network of ions and atoms usually. |
| VSEPR theory | a theory that predicts some molecular shapes based on the idea that pairs of valence electrons surrounding an atom repel each other. |
| bond energy | the amount of energy necessary to break a chemical bond |
| bond length | the average distance between the nuclei of two bonded atoms |
| chemical bond | the force holding atoms together that occurs when electrons of the outermost orbital of one atom are either transferred (ionic bond) or shared (covalent bond) with the outermost orbital of another atom |
| diatomic molecule | a molecule with only two atoms |
| dipole | a molecule or a part of a molecule that contains both positively and negatively charged regions. |
| resonance | a condition that occurs when more than one valid Lewis structure can be written for a particular molecule |
| metallic bond | a chemical bond resulting from the attraction between positive ions and surrounding mobile electrons |
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