Matter
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Created by:
lauramuensterer on September 9, 2011
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24 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 mixture | a combination of two or more pure substances in which each pure substance retains its individual chemical properties |
| heterogeneous mixture | does not blend smoothly; individual substances remain distinct |
| homogeneous mixture | always has a single phase; constant composition throughout (AKA solutions) |
| solutions | are not always liquid (e.g. cough medicine and kool-aid) |
| most matter exists naturally as _____ | mixtures |
| filtration | uses a porous barrier to separate a solid from a liquid |
| distillation | substances with different boiling points are heated and the one with the lowest boiling point will become a vapor. the vapor can then be considered a liquid and collected. |
| crystallization | a separation technique that results in the formation of pure solid particles of a substance from a solution containing the dissolved substance |
| chromatography | separating the parts of a mixture based on the substance's ability to travel across a surface made of a certain material at different rates |
| law of definite proportions | regardless of the amount, a compound is always composed of the same elements in the same proportion by mass |
| law of multiple proportions | if elements can combine to form more than one compound, those compounds will have compositions that are small, whole number multiples of each other |
| substance | matter that has a uniform and unchanging composition (pure substance) |
| physical property | is a characteristic that can be observed or measured without changing the sample's composition |
| extensive properties | depends on the amount of a substance present |
| intensive properties | characteristics of a substance that are the same no matter how much of it there is |
| examples of extensive properties | mass and volume |
| examples of intensive properties | density, boiling point, melting point |
| chemical property | the ability of a substance to turn into one or more substances |
| gas is a substance that is in a _______ state at _______ temperature | gaseous, room |
| gas is different than a _____ | vapor |
| vapor | a substance that has been heated and is normally a liquid or a solid at room temperature |
| exothermic reactions | gives off heat and releases energy |
| endothermic reactions | absorbs heat and energy |
| the law of conservation of mass | matter is neither created nor destroyed during a chemical reaction, it is conserved |
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