the (8) mechanisms of vascular disease
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10 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 hemorrhage | violation of the normal blood vessel allowing for escape of blood out of vascular space 1. extra vascular course 2. decreased integrity of vascular wall itself 3. clotting disorders (*scurvy: main cause of death was hemorrhage because vit. c is needed to maintain integrity of blood vessels) |
| thrombosis | clotting in a blood vessel arterial or venous major mechanism of stroke, heart attack (complete occlusion of a vessel by a clot in one place) (always refers to platelets) |
| embolism | clots travel in blood vessels --> clot travels from far away to closer to the tissue (thrombosis that breaks off and travels distally) -traveling clots, air embolisms (management of IVs), fat embolism (broken bones, fatty marrow) |
| hyperplasia | very thick wall of blood vessel; cause can be hypertension stenosis: narrowing of the blood vessel hyperplastic disorder |
| inflammation | is a mechanism of vascular disease: vasculitis -phlebitis:in a vein -arteritis: in an artery |
| spasm | cocaine: causes spasms especially IV form, leads to HA prinzmetal angina: strictly a spasm problem, can be prevented, manifestation of stress, blood vessels spasm causing HA raynaud's disease: digital spasms |
| dilation | migraine headaches (dilation of arteries, meingeal) shock - BP drop, vascular compartment expands vericose veins: dilated veins |
| degeneration | angiodysplasia: abnormal growth in a blood vessel = most common cause of rectal bleeding *scurvy leads to degenerative disease of blood vessels |
| endpoints of mechanism, vascular disease leads to: A. | A.) excessive flow/volume -causes: (1)edema - leaking of blood into interstitial space (pitting edema: push and leave a dimple, early sign of heart failure) (2) effusions: fluid in a body cavity -can get into air spaces in the body -consequene of too much blood |
| endpoints of mechanism, vascular disease leads to: B. | B.) inadequate flow/volume partial = ischemia complete = infarction, complete cessation of blood flwo |
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