AP English Literary and Poetry Elements Test
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43 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 Irony | the use of a word or words to convey a meaning that is opposite of its literal meaning |
| Verbal Irony | say opposite of what is meant |
| Irony of Circumstance | writers create discrepancies between what seems to be and what it is (in action of characters); or when the reader expects one thing to occur and the opposite happens (situational irony ---> about action) |
| Dramatic Irony | discrepancy between what characters know and what readers know (ROMEO AND JULIET) |
| Symbol | simply objects, actions, or events that convey meaning ----> beyond the "literal" |
| Theme | story's ideas or points (formulated as a generalization); orchestrated w/ every literary device in story; always MORE THAN ONE |
| Plot | arrangement of events that make up the story; may turn at a conflict or struggle; they begin with an exposition which will provide background info |
| Structure | the design or form of the completed shape that the story as a whole possesses; plot directs us to the story in motion, structure to the story at rest... together they reveal aspects of the story's artistic design |
| Point of View | who tells the story and how it's told |
| Tableau | final dramatic image |
| Character | an imaginary person or creature that inhabits a literary work (can be major, minor, static, or dynamic) |
| Setting | the time and place of a literary work that establishes its context; historical or cultural context; describes emotional state of characters |
| Language | the way in which authors write; the way a writer chooses words and arranges them; the verbal identity of a writer |
| Foils | 2 characters in the same situation who have different outcomes |
| Protagonist | lead character |
| antagonist | manifestation of obstacles for protagonist |
| Narrative Summary | description of characters within plot; can be given with judgement or without judgement |
| Syntax | sentence structure; arrangement of words |
| Diction | word choice |
| Tone | (POETRY ELEMENTS) the implied attitude of a writer towrd the subject and characters of a work |
| Denotation | the dictionary meaning of a word |
| Connotation | the emotional or personal meaning of a word |
| Elision | omission of an unstressed vowel or syllable |
| Imagery | concrete representation of a sense, impression, feeling, or idea |
| Hyperbole | extreme exaggeration |
| Synecdoche | using a part to signify the whole ("lend me a hand") |
| Metonymy | substituting an attribute of a thing for a thing itself ("set sail") |
| Personification | giving inanimate objects human characteristics |
| Metaphor | comparison without using like or as; between unrelated things |
| Simile | establishes comparison explicitly with words "like" or "as" |
| Symbol | any object or action that represents something beyond itself |
| Allegory | form of narrative in which people, places, and happenings have hidden or symbolic meaning; all symbolism must correspond |
| Meter | the measured pattern of rhythmic accents in poems |
| Structure | formal pattern of organization |
| Foot | unit of measure consisting of stressed and unstressed syllables |
| Iamb | an unaccented syllable followed by an accented on |
| Rhythm | the regular recurrence of the accent or stress in a poem or son |
| Caesura | pause in the middle of a line indicated by a comma |
| Enjambed | run-on lines in poetry; sentence and grammar run over and into the next line |
| Iambic Pentameter | 5 feet per line; 10 syllables per line |
| Closed Form | there are very specific rules to the poem; i.e. a sonnet or haiku |
| Open Form | no rules; free form |
| Sonnet | closed form of poetry; condenses into 14 lines an expression of emotion or an articularion of idea according to one of two basic patterns: the Italian (or Petrachan) and the English (or Shakespearean) |
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