APES Geology 2
About this set
Created by:
smistry Plus on September 12, 2011
Subjects:
ap-environmental-science, geology
Log in to favorite or report as inappropriate.
Order by
28 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 diastrophism | the process of deformation that produces continents and ocean basins in the earth's crust |
| orogenesis | the processes that collectively result in the formation of mountains. |
| earthquake | shaking and vibration at the surface of the earth resulting from underground movement along a fault plane of from volcanic activity |
| focus | the point along a fault at which the first motion of an earthquake occurs |
| epicenter | the point on the Earth's surface directly above the focus of an earthquake |
| Richter scale | a logarithmic scale of 1 to 10 used to express the energy released by an earthquake |
| body wave | seismic waves that travel through Earth's interior |
| surface wave | wave which causes rock particles to move in a backward rolling and side to side swaying motion, this is the most destructive earthquake wave |
| P wave | a type of seismic wave that compresses and expands the ground. |
| S wave | a type of seismic wave that moves the ground up and down or side to side |
| primary effect | (geology) permanent features produced by earthquake, such as fault scarps, surface ruptures, and offsets of natural or human-constructed objects |
| secondary effect | (geology) earthquake effects that result when ground movement causes other types of damage, such as landslides, flooding caused by subsidence of land, tsunamis, liquefaction and fire |
| hot spot | an area where magma from deep within the mantle melts through the crust above it |
| active volcano | a volcano that is erupting or has shown signs that it may erupt in the near future |
| intermittent volcano | a volcano that erupt at fairly regular periods |
| dormant volcano | a volcano that has not erupted for a long time, but may erupt again one day |
| extinct volcano | a volcano that has not erupted for thousands of years and probably will not erupt again |
| conduit | pipe through which magma exits a volcano |
| vent | a fissure in the earth's crust (or in the surface of some other planet) through which molten lava and gases erupt |
| ejecta | any substance emitted by an active volcano |
| pyroclastic flow | a hot, high-velocity mixture of ash, gas and fragmented rock that flows like a liquid down slopes and over terrain |
| shield volcano | a type of volcano that has a wide base and gently sloping sides; eruptions are quieter and tend to have gentle lava flows. |
| strato volcano (composite volcano) | conical, steep-side, symmetrical volcano (ratio of height to breadth relatively large) composed of alternating layers of silicic lavas and pyroclastics. Typical of subduction zone volcanism. |
| dome volcano | thick lava flows; dome shaped mountain |
| cinder volcano | a steep, cone-shaped hill or small mountain made of volcanic ash, cinders, and bombs piled up around a volcano's opening |
| spatter cone | A low, steep-sided cone of spatter built up on a fissure or vent |
| caldera | a large crater caused by the violent explosion of a volcano that collapses into a depression |
| tide | the periodic rise and fall of the sea level under the gravitational pull of the moon |
First Time Here?
Welcome to Quizlet, a fun, free place to study. Try these flashcards, find others to study, or make your own.