Ch17 S1/ Italy: Birthplace of the Renaissance
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28 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 Renaissance | The period of rebirth in art, literature, and learning in the 14th-16th centuries, which marked the transition into modern periods of European history |
| City State | One reason Italy was the Renaissance birthplace due to competition between rulers. |
| Urban | Located in or characteristic of a city or city life |
| Medicis | Wealthy ruling banking family of Florence that supported the arts. |
| Patron | Person who financially supports the arts. |
| Secular | Worldly; not pertaining to church matters or religion; temporal. |
| Lorenzo the Magnificent | Medici ruler that made Florence one of the leading Renaissance city states. |
| Humanism | a philosophy in which interests and values of human beings are of primary importance |
| Renaissance Man | Developed many talents and interests in art, literature, politics, and social graces. |
| Baldassare Castiglione | Wrote The Courtier that taught how to be the "Renaissance Man." |
| Renaissance Women | Versed in art, literature, and social graces, but not expected to seek fame. |
| Isabella d'Este | Married to the ruler of Mantua and defied the typical woman's role by exercising her political power after her husband was captured. |
| Perspective | Art technique of using shadows and size to create a 3 dimension look in painting. |
| Michelangelo Buonnaroti | Known for his paintings and sculptures that used a realistic style for the human body such as his statue of David and fresco on the ceiling of the Sistine Chapel. |
| Fresco | A durable method of painting on a wall by using watercolors on wet plaster. |
| Leonardo da Vinci | Italian painter, engineer, musician, and scientist. The most versatile genius of the Renaissance. He filled notebooks with engineering and scientific observations that were in some cases centuries ahead of their time. As a painter, best known for The Last Supper (c. 1495) and Mona Lisa (c. 1503). |
| Donatello | Florentine sculptor famous for his lifelike sculptures such as David. He was the first to do a free standing lifelike statue since ancient times. |
| Raphael | Renaissance painter; he painted frescos, his most famous being The School of Athens and many pieces of the Madonna and Child. |
| Sofonisba Anguissola | First great woman artist of Renaissance. Was court painter to K. Philip II of Spain. |
| Artemisia Gentileschi | Painted strong heroic women in her paintings. Trained under her father. |
| Greek and Roman Classics | Reason Italy was the birthplace of the Renaissance as a result of ancient influence of literature, art, and thinking. |
| Merchant Class | Reason was the birthplace of the Renaissance due to wealth that supported the arts and exchange of ideas through trading ports. |
| Vernacular | The everyday speech of the people of an area or country. |
| Dante | Set the example for Renaissance writers to use vernacular rather than Latin. |
| Francesco Petrarch | Considered the father of Humanism; love poems (sonnets) about Laura expressed human feelings. |
| Giovanni Boccaccio | Wrote the "Decameron" which used humor to express the human condition during the plague. |
| Niccolo Machiavelli | Wrote "The Prince" which described most people as selfish and corrupt. Served as a guide of how leaders ruled a country. "End justifies the means" was the theme. |
| Vittoria Colonna | Noble women who was one of the few female writers/ humanists. Exchanged sonnets with Michaelangelo and helped Castiglione write the Courtier. Reflected personal emotions in writing. |
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