World War One
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39 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 Black Hand | Serbian nationalist/terrorist group responsible for the assassination of Austrian Archduke Franz Ferdinand which resulted in the start of World War I. |
| Archduke Franz Ferdinand | Archduke of Austria-Hungary who was assassinated by a Serbian in 1914. His murder in Sarajevo was one of the causes of WW I. |
| Gavilo Princip | A Serb who shot the Archduke and his wife. The "two shots heard around the world". |
| Powder Keg | keg (usually made of metal) for gunpowder or blasting powder |
| M.A.I.N | The causes of WWI: Militarism, Alliance System, Imperialism, Nationalism |
| Triple Alliance | A military alliance between Germany, Austria-Hungary, and Italy in the years preceding World War I |
| Triple Entente | An alliance between Great Britain, France and Russia in the years before WWI. |
| Schlieffen Plan | Attack plan by Germans, proposed by Schliffen, lightning quick attack against France. Proposed to go through Belgium then attack France, Belgium resisted, other countries took up their aid, long fight, used trench warfare. |
| Robert Borden | Prime Minister during World War 1 (Conservative) |
| Sam Hughes | Militia Minister WWI, also went to SA, liked Ross Rifle a bit too much |
| Valcartier | In Quebec where Hughes set up training camp for over 30,000 men who were later sent to England |
| Ross Rifle | was the sniper rifle that Sir Sam Hughes chose for the Canadians. It didnt work well for the Canadians, it jammed and misfired when it was covered in mud |
| Macadam Shield Shovel | Was used in the First World War, it was a shovel that had a 90 degree angled head. It was used for chipping or digging away something It was also used to protect a soldier's face while shooting at others, however the shield was not bullet proof, had no eye hole, and was a very easy target for enemy soldiers. |
| Aboriginal Soldiers | Soldiers that didn't fit in with other soldiers because of their race or obvious differences. |
| No. 2 Construction Battalion | was what allowed african Canadian soldiers to join war. They weren't allowed to fight but instead they dug trenches, worked in logging and shipping operartions, repaired roads and distributed supplies |
| War of Attrition | Trench warfare between Germany and France. Called War of Attrition(wearing down) because the goal was to break down the enemy. There was no winner after 3 years of fighting. |
| Gas (mustard and chlorine) | Used during World War One in the trenches (first by Germans). Was a very effective weapon. |
| Ypres | battle in World War I (1917), fought in Belgium, the troops were surprised by poison gas, over 6000 men died. |
| Somme | Major attack by England and France, failed to gain land or break through whilkilling hundreds of thousands |
| Vimy Ridge | Canada's most significant battle of the war, fought in April 1917, ended with the capture of a ridge after French and British forces had failed. |
| Passchendaele | A dismal battle which lasted for 3 months, late in 1917. Brits were major fighting force. Advanced only 5 miles near Ypres at cost of 1/2 million men. Also used tanks more intensively in this battle - some 380 in operation. |
| Arthur Currie | first Canadian promoted to general after victory at Vimy Ridge. became commander of all Canadian corps. believed in thoughrough and meticulous training |
| "suicide service" | The air force in WWI |
| Billy Bishop | Canada's top air ace during WWI, shot down 72 planes, awarded Victoria Cross |
| Halifax Explosion | (December 6th 1917) 2000 killed, 9000 wounded, largest non-atomic man-made explosion in history. Mont Blanc, carrying explosives, crashed into Imo (norwegian relief vessel) in the Harbor. resulted in Halifax Relief Commission |
| No Man's Land | (n) terrain between front lines of entrenched armies; land that is unowned and uninhabited |
| Trench foot | a painful foot disorder resembling frostbite and resulting from exposure to cold and wet, which can eventually result in tissue sloughing or gangrene; also called immersion |
| Shell Shock | Medical condition caused by prolonged exposure to the distressing experiences of trench warfare. |
| Attestation Papers | The first document the soldier signed which is basically the enlistment form |
| Military Service Act | Introduced by Borden in 1917. Conscription for all males 20-34 |
| Military Voters Act | (1917) Borden introduced this law to allow men and women who were serving overseas in WWI to vote. He correctly expected that most of them would vote for conscription. |
| War Time Elections | During WWI, elections for the PM (Borden) |
| Khaki Election | The federal election of 1917. Many of the voters were men in uniform either in Canada or in Europe, hence the term "khaki"- the color of the uniform. |
| Conscription | Forced recruitment into the army to meet the needs of war. |
| Victory Gardens | Backyard gardens; Americans were encouraged to grow their own vegetables to support the war effort |
| Victory Bonds | Bonds sold by the government during World War 1 to help raise revenue for the war effort (ration) |
| Propaganda | ideas spread to influence public opinion for or against a cause |
| War Measures Act | 1914, gave federal government authorization to suppress rights of "enemy aliens." Victums included Ukranians, Germans, Polish, Austria-Hungarians, Czech, and other slovacs. worse than US internment of Japanese in WWII |
| Total War | the channeling of a nation's entire resources into a war effort |
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