1.
586 bc: when jerusalem (judah) fell to babylonians
2.
721bc: when samaria (israel) fell to assyrian invaders
3.
Ashurbanipal: last great monarch that ruled from 668-630 BC
4.
caliphs: Successors to Muhammad as political and religious leaders of the Muslims
5.
Chaldeans: a semitic people that from Arabia that overthrew the Assyrian Empire around 600BC
6.
classical and colloquial: two varieties of the arabic language
7.
covenant: solemn agreement
8.
Cyrus the Great: ruler in Persia
9.
Darius: the persian king who established the first postal service around 500 BC
10.
hegira: the flight of Muhammad from Mecca to Medina in 622 which marked the beginning of the Muslim era
11.
Henry Martyn: a missionary in Persia who before his death in 1812 left behind him translations of nt in arabic..
12.
Ion-Keith Falconer: the first man in modern times to attempt to reach the muslims of arabia with the gospel of Christ
13.
jihads: holy wars
14.
koran: holy book of islam
15.
mecca: the holiest city of Islam; Muhammad's birthplace
16.
Neo-Babylonian Empire: established by Nabopolassar
17.
Nineveh: the Assyrian Empire's great capital that fell in 612 BC
18.
northern kingdom: Israel
19.
patriarchs: founding fathers of the nation of Israel
20.
ramadan: (Islam) a fast (held from sunrise to sunset) that is carried out during the Islamic month of Ramadan
21.
Samuel Zwemer: established the Arabian Mission and was known as the "apostle to islam"
22.
southern kingdom: Judah
23.
ten commandments: decalogue
24.
theocracy: a nation ruled by God
25.
Tiglathpileser 1: seized babylonia and established the Assyrian Empire around 1100 BC
26.
Zoroastrianism: pagan religion of the persian kings