Diagnostic Terms
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Created by:
Caitylu on September 12, 2011
Subjects:
medical-and-scientific-terminology
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42 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 acne | inflammation of the sebaceous glands and hair follicles of the skin, evidenced by comedones (blackheads), pustules, or nodules on the skin (acne= point) |
| albinism | a hereditary condition characterized by a partial or total lack of melanin pigment (particularly in the eyes, skin, and hair) |
| burn | injury to body tissue caused by heat, chemicals, electricity, radiation, or gases |
| first-degree burn | a burn involving only the epidermis; caused by erythema (redness) and hyperesthesia (excessive sensation) |
| second-degree burn | a burn involving the epidermis and the dermis; characterized by erythema, hyperesthesia, and vesications (blisters) |
| third-degree burn | a burn involving all layers of the skin; characterized by the destruction of the epidermis and dermis, with damage or destruction of subcutaneous tissue |
| dermatitis | inflammation of the skin characterized by erythema, pruritus (itching), and various lesions |
| dermatosis | any disorder of the skin |
| exanthematous viral disease | an eruption of the skin caused by a viral disease (exanthema= eruption) |
| rubella | reddish; German measles |
| rubeola | reddish; 14-day measles |
| varicella | a tiny spot; chickenpox |
| eczema | to boil out; often used interchangeably with dermatitis to denote a skin condition characterized by the appearance of inflamed, swollen papules and vesicles that and scale, often with sensations of itching and burning |
| furuncle | boil; a painful nodule formed in the skin by inflammation originating in a hair follicle; caused by staphylococcosis |
| carbuncle | a skin infection consisting of clusters of furuncles (carbo= small, glowing embers) |
| abscess | a localized collection of pus in a cavity formed by the inflammation of surrounding tissues, which heals when drained or excised (abscessus= a going away) |
| gangrene | an eating sore; death of tissue associated with loss of blood supply |
| herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) | transient viral vesicles (e.g., cold sores of fever blisters) that infect the facial area, especially the mouth and nose (herpes= creeping skin disease) |
| herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2) | sexually transmitted, ucler-like lesions of the genital and anorectal skin and mucosa; after initial infection, the virus lies dormant in the nerve cell root and may recur at times of stress |
| herpes zoster | a viral disease affecting the peripheral nerves characterized by painful blisters that spread over the skin following affected nerves, usually unilateral; also known as shingles (zoster= girdle) |
| impetigo | a highly contagious, bacterial skin inflammation marked by pustules that rupture and become crusted, most often around the mouth and nostrils |
| keratoses | thickened areas of epidermis |
| actinic (or solar) keratoses | localized thickening of the skin caused by excessive exposure to sunlight, a known percursor to cancer (actinic= ray; solar= sun) |
| seborrheic keratoses | benign, wart-like tumors; more common on elderly skin |
| lupus | a chronic autoimmune disease characterized by inflammation of various parts of the body (lupus= wolf) |
| cutaneous lupus | limited to the ski; evidenced by a characteristic rash, especially on the face, neck, scalp |
| systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) | a more severe form of lupus involving the skin, joints, and often vital organs (e.g., lungs of kidneys) |
| malignany cutaneous neoplasm | skin cancer |
| squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) | malignant tumor of the squamous epithelium |
| basal cell carcinoma (BCC) | malignant tumor of the basal layer of the epidermis; the most common type of skin cancer |
| malignant melanoma | malignant tumor composed of melanocytes |
| Kaposi sarcoma | malignant tumor of the walls of blood vessels, appearing as painless, dark bluish-purple plaques on the skin; often spreads to the lymph nodes and internal organs; commonly seen in patients with HIV/AIDS (human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome) |
| onychia | inflammation of the fingernail or toenail |
| paronychia | inflammation of the nail fold |
| pediculosis | infestation with lice that causes itching and dermatitis (pediculo= louse) |
| pediculosis capitis | head lice (capitis= head) |
| pediculosis pubis | lice that generally infect the pubic region and sometimes also hair of the axilla, eyebrows, eyelashes, beard, or other hairy body surfaces; also called crabs (pubis= groin) |
| psoriasis | itching; a chronic, recurrent skin disease marked by silvery scales covering red patches, papules, and/or plaques on the skin that result from overproduction and thickening of skin cells; common sites of involvement are the elbows, knees, genitals, arms, legs, scalp, and nails |
| scabies | a contagious disease caused by a parasite (mite) that invades the skin, causing an intense itch, most often at articulations between the fingers or toes, elbow, etc. (scabo= to scratch) |
| seborrhea | a skin condition marked by the hypersecretion of sebum from the sebaceous glands |
| tinea | a group of fungal skin diseases identified by the body part affected, including tinea corporis (body), commonly called ringworm, and tinea pedis (foot), also called athlete's foot |
| vitiligo | a condition caused by the destruction of melanin that results in the appearance of white patches on the skin (commonly the face, hands, legs, and genital areas) |
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