Study guide 3
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Created by:
Vibrantone on September 13, 2011
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Description:
Arteries and Veins
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39 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 What is the job of the heart? | serves a pump |
| What is the job of arteries and vein? | delivery system |
| What is the job of capillaries? | exchange of substances |
| Which allow blood to leave the heart? arteries or veins | arteries |
| Which allow blood to return to the heart? arteries or veins | veins |
| Which have higher BP? arteries or veins | arteries |
| 1. Which store/carry more of the body's total blood volume? (arteries or veins) 2. About how much more? | 1. veins 2. 5x |
| which have valves? arteries or veins | veins (one way valves) |
| which tend to have bigger lumens? arteries or veins | veins |
| which has more muscle in its wall? arteries or veins | arteries |
| Name the layers of a blood vessel? | 1. Tunica- cell layer of cells 2. Tunica Media- a layer of muscle 3. Tunica externa- a fibrous covering |
| large blood vessels have their own blood vessels to supply their thick tunica media. what are they called? | vaso vasorum |
| vasospasm | blood vessels spasm which leads to vasoconstriction |
| describe the pathogenesis(series of events) which occurs in a heart attack. | 1. physical presence of soft plaque which get larger + larger 2. presence rough scratchy plaque that may cause a blood clot to form which blocks a coronary artery 3. irritating substance in the plaque may result in vasoconstriction |
| ischemia | lack of oxygen |
| infarction | tissue death |
| what is a stroke? | cerebrovascular accident(CVA)-sudden death of brain tissue caused by ischemia |
| what two types of pathology my produce a stroke? | 1. thrombus/embolus 2. aneurism |
| what is an aneurism? | a weak area in the blood vessel which can ballon and rupture |
| how does the configuration of the Circle of Willis help protect against Stokes? | because of collateral circulation-take a detour |
| if a stroke can be caused by the occlusion of a vessel or aneurism, in which of these situations would you treat the patient with anticoagulants and clot dissolving drugs | 1. occlusion of a vessel- clot dissolving drugs 2. aneurism-anticoagulants |
| 1.In which situation would it be a life threatening mistake to give anticoagulants? occlusion of a vessel or aneurism. 2. Why? | 1. occlusion of a artery 2. the vessel is calcified and probably formed a clot, so to give a patient an aticoagulant which help to clot your blood will be deadly |
| name the structures in the circulatory system body which are responsible for virtually all exchange. | capillaries |
| when blood sits, blood | clots |
| name the tiny arteries that supply the capillaries | arterioles |
| what structures control blood flow into capillaries | pre-capillary sphincters |
| at rest, approximately what percentage of capillaries are being used? | 10 % |
| terms for spaces in the body | 1. intervascular 2. intracellular 3. interstital |
| intravascular | the space inside a vessel. anything lying within a blood vessel...ex: water inside an artery, vein or capillary |
| intracellular | anything which dwells inside the cell....ex: Hgb inside a red blood cell, water inside a cell |
| interstital | anything lying between a cell and a blood vessel..ex: when fluid leaves a capilllary and flows into surrounding tisue it is said to flow from an intravascular space into the interstital space or tissue |
| what is blood pressure | pressure exerted by the flowing of blood |
| if a blood pressure is 140/65, what is the systolic pressure? | 140 |
| what is hypertension | high BP resting systolic above 140 |
| what is hypotension | low BP systolicpressure below 60 |
| blood pressure is influence by | 1. force of the heart- strength of your hear...ex: obesity 2. volume of blood-how much blood in your heart..ex: low BP decrease blood flow to the heart |
| define shock | extremely low BP/life threatening |
| cardiogenic shock | heart failure, heart too weak to maintain pressure |
| What is hypovolemic shock | blood loss and severe dehydration, no enough blood in the veins |
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