Biology 196 Week 2 Lab
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17 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 Compound Microscope | multiple objective lenses on a turret, one ocular lens |
| Dissecting Microscope | each eyepiece has it's own ocular lens, gives 3D perspective, used for viewing larger specimens (also called stereoscopic microscope) |
| total magnification | the magnification of the ocular lens time the magnification of the objective lens (example: ocular lens is 10x, objective lens is 40x, total magnification is 400x) |
| Resolving Power | A measure of the clarity of the image; it is the minimum distance two points can be separated and still be distinguished as two separate points R= landa/2NA landa=wavelength of light, NA is numerical aperature the larger the NA, the lower the resolving power |
| Eukaryotic Cells | -Found in plants, animals, fungi, protists -Has membrane bound organelles -Has DNA containing nucleus -Has chromosomes that carry linear DNA -Are fairly LARGE |
| Prokaryotic Cells | -Bacteria -No membrane bound organelles -Does not contain nucleus, DNA is found throughout cell -Plasmid: circular DNA -fairly small |
| Diffusion | Movement of molecules from areas of higher chemical potential (higher concentration) to areas of lower chemical potential (lower concentration). |
| Chemical Potential | The free energy available to do work of moving molecules from one location to another, in some cases through a barrier such as a cell membrane. |
| Osmosis | The movement of water molecules from regions of higher water potential to regions of lower water potential across a semi permeable or selectively permeable membrane, i.e. diffusion of water |
| Passive Transport | Molecules move from a region of high concentration to a region of low concentration; molecules move in the same direction as the concentration gradient. |
| Active Transport | Molecules move from a region of low concentration to a region of high concentration; molecules move against the concentration gradient. |
| Selectively Permeable Membrane | Only certain molecules can pass through the membrane. Selected by size, polarity, charge, electrophobicity, etc. |
| Semipermeable Membrane | A membrane (like a cell membrane) that allows some molecules to pass through, but not others. |
| Dialysis | A separation of substances in solution by means of their unequal diffusion through semipermeable membranes. |
| Hypotonic Solution | A solution with a comparatively lower concentration of solutes compared to another. |
| Isotonic Solution | A solution with equal concentration of solutes compared to another. |
| Hypertonic Solution | A solution with a comparatively higher concentration of solutes compared to another. |
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