Quiz 2
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44 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 Canaan | Land of Sumer that was later named this in honor of Ham's son |
| Palestine | Land of Sumer that was later named this in honor of the Philistines, who dwelt on the southwestern coast of the land. |
| Israel | Land of Sumer that was later named this in honor of the name God gave to Jacob. |
| The world's 3 great monotheistic religions | Christianity, Judaism, and Islam |
| Holy Land | The name that Christianity, Judaism, and Islam has given to the Promised Land. |
| Abraham | Left Ur around 2000 B.C.; was known as "father of a great nation." |
| Isaac | Abraham's son |
| Jacob | Isaac's son |
| Patriarchs | the founding fathers of the nation of Israel; Abraham, Isaac, Jacob, and Jacob's 12 sons. |
| Moses | one of the greatest men in world history who delivered the Israelites from Egyptian bondage and lead them to the land promised to their fathers. |
| Covenant | a solemn agreement |
| The Ten Commandments | a summary of right and wrong, good and evil; AKA, Decalogue |
| Theocracy | a nation ruled by God |
| Jerusalem | where David established his capital; the former Jebusite stronghold |
| Alphabet | a phonetic system of writing in which letters are used to represent sounds rather than things or ideas |
| Sinai Script | known as the first true alphabet |
| Gebal | where a more streamlined form of the alphabet appeared |
| Byblos | the term from which we get the words "book" and "Bible" |
| Phoenicians | Semitic seafarers and merchants; so-called this by the Greek |
| 1000 B.C. | the year in which Israel was the greatest nation in the world under David and Solomon |
| Northern Kingdom | when the empire split up, Israel became this part |
| Southern Kingdom | when the empire split up, Judah became this part |
| 721 B.C. | the year Samaria, the capital of the Northern Kingdom, fell to Assyrian invaders. |
| 586 B.C. | the year Jerusalem, the capital of the Southern Kingdom, fell to the Babylonians. |
| Jesus Christ | the Messiah of Israel and the Savior of the world who was born while Rome ruled the world. |
| Byzantine Empire | Eastern Roman Empire that controlled parts of the Middle East for over a thousand years |
| Byzantium | the capital of the Byzantine Empire |
| Constantinople | another name for Byzantium; modern-day Istanbul; in European Turkey |
| Islam | the fanatical, militant new religion based in the Arabian Peninsula that increasingly threatened Byzantium after A.D. 600 |
| Mohammed | an Arab mystic who started the religion of Islam |
| Mecca | the city Mohammed was from |
| Muslims | Mohammed's followers |
| Hegira | the term that describes the forced fleeing of Mohammed, his family, and his followers in 622 because of persecution from the authorities |
| Caliphs | Mohammed's successors whom ruled much of the Middle East and North Africa from the capitals of Damascus, Baghdad, and Cairo |
| Koran | the holy book of Islam |
| Henry Martyn | the pioneer Englishman missionary in Persia, and throughout the Middle East |
| Ion-Keith Falconer | the first man in modern times to attempt to reach the Muslims of arabia with the gospel of Christ; a Scottish nobleman and graduate of Cambridge University |
| Samuel Zwemer | partnered with James Cantine to establish the Arabian Mission; became know as the "Apostle to Islam" |
| 2 Basic Elements that Form Arabic Words | root and pattern |
| Root | generally consists of 3 consonants and gives lexical meaning to the word |
| Pattern | consists of vowels and giving grammatical meaning to the word |
| 2 Varieties of the Arabic Language | classical (literary) and colloquial |
| Classical Arabic | the language of the Koran and the official language of Algeria, Egypt, Iraq, Jordan, Kuwait, Lebanon, Libya, Morocco, Oman, Saudi Arabia, Sudan, Syria, and Yemen. |
| Colloquial Arabic | language that consists of numerous spoken dialects, all of which have been heavily influenced by the classical, literary Arabic; major dialects of this language are in Arabia, Egypt, Iraq, North Africa, and Syria. |
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