massage therapy

Terms	Definitions
Boundary crossing	Stepping over or professional limits within the therapeutic relationship.
Codes of ethics	List of general principles that reflect commonly held values in a profession.
Confidentiality	Implicit agreement that the massage therapist will not reveal personal or medical information about the client's permission.
Defense mechanisms	behaviors or thoughts that help us cope with unwanted feelings like fear, anxiety, guilt, and anger.
Dual relationship	other connections between a client and a massage therapist in addition to the therapeutic relationship.
Duties	Obligations to act in a particular way.
Ethical decision-making model	Step-by-step process of thinking through an ethical question or ethical dilemma.
Ethical dilemmas	When to or more principles are in conflict, and regardless of your choice, something of value is compromised.
Ethical judgment	Consistency in making good ethical decisions.
Ethical questions	Way of framing an ethical situation.
Ethics	The study of moral behavior; determining the right thin to do in a specific situation.
Informed voluntary consent	A process used to get the client,s permission to touch areas that may have sexual associations, or areas out of the cope of general areas.
Intervention model	Tool to address misconduct or suspected misconduct by clients.
Personal boundary	A limit established by a person to maintain his or her own integrity, conform, or well-being.
Personal temptations	Urge to act in a way that is unethical for your own personal gain.
power differential	Differences of perceived power within a professional relationship.
Professional ethics	The study of moral behavior relative to a specific occupation.
Rights	Claims to certain treatment or protection from certain treatment enforced by standards or laws.
Scope of practice	Range of methods and techniques used by professional; may be legally defined.
Sexual misconduct	Sexualizing of the relationship between a massage therapist and a current client.
Standards of practice	Documents that go into detail in interpreting ethical principles.
Therapeutic relationship	Defined by specific roles assumed by the massage therapist and the client.
Transference	Occurs when a client injects negative or positive feelings toward someone from his or her past into the therapeutic relationship.
Values	principles, traits, or qualities considered worth while or desirable
Body-mind effects	Effects that result from the interplay of body, mind,and emotions in health and disease
Effects of massage	Changes that occur in the body, mind, and emotions of the recipient as a result of soft tissue manipulation.
Energetic effects	Balancing and improving the flow of energy.
Hypothesis	An unproven theory about how something works or what will happen in a certain situation.
Long-term effects	Changes that start during a massage session and last for a longer period of time, such as a few days or weeks.
Mechanical effects	The result of physical forces of massage, such as compression, stretching, shearing, broadening, and vibration of body tissues.
multiple-dose effects	Effects that happen over time from repeated massage applications.
Peer-reviewed journals	Publish research that meets certain standards and that has been evaluated by experts in the field.
Physiological effects	Organic processes of the body that occur at the biochemical, cellular, tissue, and organ system levels.
Reflex effects	Functional changes mediated by the nervous system such as muscle relaxation, enhanced mental clarity, and pain reduction.
Research literacy	Understanding the scientific method, locating and evaluating research articles, and gleaning practical information from research studies.
Scientific method	Systematic way of testing theories through gathering and analyzing relevant information to see if it supports the theory in question.
Short-term effects	Changes the occur during a massage session and may last for the time of the session and for a brief period afterward.
Single- dose effects	Changes that happen from one application of massage.
Body mechanics	overall alignment and used of the body while performing massage.
Bow and arrow stance	Forward-leaning stance used when facing the head or foot of the table.
Bracing	Offering a counter-resistance to prevent the movement of the body in the opposite direction.
Draping	Covering the body during the massage.
Hand mechanics	Minimize strain of the fingers, thumb, and wrist.
Horse riding stance	Tai chi side to side stance.
Neutral position	Neither flexed nor extended
positioning	Placing the receiver in a comfortable and safe position on the table.
Stacking the joints	Avoids pressure applied at an angle to or across the joint.
Table skills	Keeps clients from getting rolled up in the drape.
Tenting	Actions required to position and drape a client properly on a massage table.
Assisted movements	A person initiates the movement, while another person helps him or her complete it.
Contract-relax-stretch (CRS)	First the client contracts the muscle to be stretched against a resistance (resisted movement); immediately following the muscle's relaxation, the stretch is applied.
Direct pressure	Tissues are compressed using light to heavy pressure and applied with a thumb, finger, knuckle,or elbow.
Effleurage	Technique that slides or glides over the skin with a smooth, continuous motion.
Friction	Technique performed by rubbing one surface over another repeatedly.
Mobilizing techniques	Nonspecific passive movements applied within the normal range of motion.
Petrissage	Technique that lifts, wrings, or squeezes soft tissues in a kneading motion, or presses the tissues under or between the hands.
Resisted movements	Technique in which a person initiates the movement, while a second person offers resistance, thereby challenging the muscle used.
Simple static stretch	Type of passive stretch characterized by slow, sustained, and even application.
Stretching	technique used to increase flexibility at the joint and for muscle relaxation.
Tapotement	Series of brisk percussive movements following each other in rapid, alternating fashion.
Touch without movement	Touch with the hands, but without any visible movement.
Vibration	An oscillating, quivering, or trembling motion, or movement back and forth or up and down performed quickly and repeatedly.
Continuity	Sense of continuous touch throughout a massage session.
Finishing techniques	Techniques to create a sense of wholeness and completion.
Flow	Sense of fluid movement or smoothness in a massage session.
Full-body western massage	Type of massage developed in Europe and North America.
Opening technique	Technique used to begin a massage.
Pacing	The speed of a massage session.
Pressure	Force used in applying massage.
Rhythm	Element of full-body massage described as smooth and even.
Specificity	Attention to a specific muscle or small area.
Transition techniques	Techniques that provide a sense of continuity when moving from one section of the body to another.
Warming technique	Technique used to prepare and warm tissues for massage.
Shiatsu	is a massage technique from japan, which points of stimulation are pressed to effect the circulation of fluids.
tui-na	push or pull, traditional chinese medical practice also includes acupuncture.
Tschanpua	is a hindu technique of massage.
Celsus	who live during the reign Emperor Tiberius, was considered to be one of the most eminent roman physicians.
Ambroise Pare	a french barber- surgeon one of the founders of modern surgery, describe the positive effects of massage in the healing process.
Per Herrick Ling	known as the father of physical therapy
Mathias Roth	English physician, studied under Ling are the royal central, and publihsed the firts book in english t teach the swedish movements.
Charles Fayette Taylor's	a york physician, who in 1858 introduce the methods to the United Estate.
George Henry Taylor's	attended the Dr sotherbery institute in Stockholm and completed full training in the Swedish movements.
Dr. John Harvey Kellogg	he did published the art of massage
Albert J. Hoffa	publish techink der massage. the publication remain one of the most basic books in the field.

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