| Term | Definition |
|---|
| The English king who led the Third Crusade. | Richard the Lion-Hearted |
| The practice of selling positions in the Church. | simony |
| The pope who issued the call for the First Crusade. | Urban II |
| The organized effort to drive the Muslims out of Spain. | Reconquista |
| The most famous and respected Muslim leaeder of his age. | Saladin |
| The Crusade that resulted in the looting of Constantinople by Western Christians. | Fourth Crusade |
| The Church court used in Spain to persecute Jews and Muslims. | Inquisition |
| The architectural style most closely associated with the Age of Faith. | Gothic style |
| The style of architecture intended to achieve greater light and height. | Gothic style |
| The Crusade that failed in its goal of recapturing the Crusader state of Edessa from the Turks. | Second Crusade |
| The Crusade that resulted in the capture of Jerusalem by the Christians and the creation of four Crusader states. | First Crusade |
| The Crusade that resulted in the signing of a truce and an agreement to allow Christian pilgrims to visit Jerusalem. | Third Crusade |
| Vernacular is the common "diet" of a place or region. T or F | False |
| In medieval Europe, the Church considered usury, the "selling od positions in the Church" a sin. T or F | False |
| When the harness was improved, "oxen" could be successfully used for plowing and for pulling wagons. T or F | False |
| In the Middle Ages, men who studied together at the great universities were known as "scholastics". T or F | True |
| Food production increased afer about the year 800 when peasants adopted the "four-field" system of farming. T or F | False |
| Thomas Aquinas is known for scholarly work that combined Christian belief with the ideas of the best thinkers of ancient "Babylon". T or F | False |
| Which king was the first to claim all of England as his personal property? | William the Conqueror |
| To whom was Eleanor of Aquitaine married? | Henry II |
| Who forced whom to sign the Magna Carta? | The English nobility forced John to sign. |
| What provided the origin of English common law? | royal courts of justice |
| The Church was weakened when Pope Clement V began the practice of locating the pope's residence in "Paris". T or F | False |
| The Great Schism involved a dispute over who was the one true "ruler of France". T or F | False |
| The bubonic plague killed approx. "one third" of the population of Europe. T or F | True |
| The scholar John Wycliff preached that "Jesus Christ" is the true head of the Church. T or F | True |
| The French troops who broke the siege of Orleans were led into battle by "King Charles VI". T or F | False |
| "Thomas Aquinas" was burned at the stake as a heretic for teaching the Bible had greater authority than the pope. T or F | False |
| The most effective fighters at the battle of Crecy, Poitiers, and Agincourt, were the "English longbowmen". T or F | True |
| When Pope Boniface VIII declared that monarchs must always obey popes, King Philip IV of France had the pope "excommunicated". T or F | False |
| What was the chief goal of the Crusades? | to recover Jerusalem and the Holy Land from the Muslim Turks |
| What problem was identified by Church reformers during the Middle Ages? | Village priests married, Bishops sold positions, and Kings, rather than Church leaders, appointed bishops. |
| What was the effect of the three-field system? | Farmers produced more food and villagers had more to eat. |
| Which best describes the nature of a craft guild? | An association of people who worked at the same occupation. |
| What did the Magna Carta guarantee? | basic legal rights |
| What was the major cause of the Great Schism? | arguments about which man holding the position of pope was the true pope |
| What was the name of the legislative body of medieval England? | parliament |
| During the later Middle Ages, where were most serfs likely to search for freedom? | towns or cities |
| Which group was most responsible for the spread of the bubonic plague to Europe? | traders |
| What was the central issue of the Hundred Years' War? | the throne of France |
| What type of society are the Efe? | a hunter-gatherer, forest society |
| What is emphasized by the age-set system? | the duties and roles associated with varying ages |
| In general, where were the Muslim states of Africa established? | North Africa |
| Was the largest empire ever to exist in West Africa. | Ghana |
| Was an empire in the Sahara. | Mali |
| Was known for developing advanced weaponry. | Songhai |
| Was a savanna civilization. | Benin |
| The Swahili language is a mixture of Bantu languages and what? | Arabic |
| The event that had the greatest effect on the growth of Islam in East Africa was what? | the increase in trade and commerce |
| What was the chief means of social and political organization in African stateless societies? | lineage groups |
| The Swahili language developed from a mixture of what languages? | Arabic and Bantu languages |
| What did Portugal's initial interest in Africa mostly seem to concern? | trade |
| The original Almohads and Almoravids were both a part of which group? | Muslim reformers |
| Who was Mali's first great leader? | Sundiata |
| What city controlled trade routes and was the economic, political, and religious center of an empire? | Great Zimbabwe |
| What forces brought an end to the Age of Chivalry? | See book |
| What were some of the most important effects of the bubonic plague in Europe? | See book |
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