biology
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22 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 science | a particular branch of scientific knowledge |
| observation | the act of observing |
| data | a collection of facts from which conclusions may be drawn |
| inference | the reasoning involved in drawing a conclusion or making a logical judgment on the basis of circumstantial evidence and prior conclusions rather than on the basis of direct observation |
| hypothesis | a tentative theory about the natural world |
| spontaneous generation | a hypothetical organic phenomenon by which living organisms are created from nonliving matter |
| controlled experiment | a test of the effect of a single variable by changing it while keeping all other variables the same |
| manipulated variable | factor in an experiment that a scientist purposely changes; also known as independent variable |
| responding variable | factor in an experiment that a scientist wants to observe, which may change in response to the manipulated variable; also known as a dependent variable |
| theory | a belief that can guide behavior |
| cell | (biology) the basic structural and functional unit of all organisms |
| homeostasis | metabolic equilibrium actively maintained by several complex biological mechanisms that operate via the autonomic nervous system to offset disrupting changes |
| sexual reproduction | process by which cells from 2 different parents unit to produce the first cell of a new organism |
| asexual reproduction | reproduction without the fusion of gametes |
| metabolism | the organic processes (in a cell or organism) that are necessary for life |
| stimulus | any stimulating information or event |
| metric system | a decimal system of weights and measures based on the meter and the kilogram and the second |
| microscope | magnifier of the image of small objects |
| compound light microscope | microscope that allows light to pass through a specimen and uses two lenses to form an image |
| electron microscope | a microscope that is similar in purpose to a light microscope but achieves much greater resolving power by using a parallel beam of electrons to illuminate the object instead of a beam of light |
| cell culture | group of cells grown in a nutrient solution from a single original cell |
| cell fractionation | technique in which cells are broken into pieces and the different cell parts are separated |
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