Cell Biology
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Created by:
chuenhuaho on September 16, 2011
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25 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 Eukaryotic Cell | true nucleus, longer variety of organelles - animals |
| Prokaryotic Cell | No nucleus, smaller, fewer organelles |
| Plasma Membrane | phospholipid- oil bubble; fluid mosaic, fluid membrane carry embedded protin |
| Protein in Plasma Membrane | link one cell to another - Identifies "self" - Transporters |
| Simple Diffusion | molecule floats through cell membrane, always move from high concentration to low concentration |
| Facilitated Diffusion (Passive Transport) | carries molecule inside transport protein - Always go high concentration to low |
| Active Transport | carry molecule in transport protein - Low concentration to high - Use ATP molecule |
| Endocytosis | cell engulfs large particle in cell membrane - Stores as vesicle |
| Exocytosis | vesicle fuses with cell membrane and release content to outside - Get rid of waste - Dump neurotransmitters |
| Osmosis | movement of water down concentration gradient |
| Nucleus | contain DNA; site for production of mRNA; leaves through pores (holes in nuclear membrane) |
| Rough ER | contain ribosomes, produce proteins |
| Smooth ER | produce phospholipids |
| Golgi Complex/ Apparatus | collect protein from ER and finishes final structure |
| Lysosomes | contain digestive enzyme to break down larger molecule |
| Mitochondria | energy; produce ATP; consume glucose and oxygen |
| Microtubules | provide path to move vesicles or organelles - motor proteins move structures |
| Centrioles | two axes, during cell division |
| Cellular Respiration | energy production - Metabolism - Glucose --> Energy source for ATP |
| Glycolysis | breaks down glucose and form 2 molecules; pyruvate (3 carbons) |
| Transition Reaction | convert pyruvate into acetyl coenzyme A [CoA] |
| Krebs Cycle | acetyl coA and to produce NADH |
| Electron Transport System | use NADH to produce ATP If electrons don't flow, no ATP - NADH [FADF] release electron shuttle through system; at last protein oxygen is terminal electron acceptation *No oxygen, pyruvate accumulate; convert to lactic acid - Flow of electron allow spinning of ATP synthase *Grab ADP + P couples to make ATP [Inside mitochondria] |
| Glycolysis | Glucose; makes 2 ATP and 2 NADH (electron sponges) |
| Transition Reaction | removal of one carbon (in form of CO2) from each pyruvate; resulting acetyl group, binds to CoA to form acetyl CoA; molecule of NADHa also produced from each pyruvate |
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