Biology Part 2 (Genetics)
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13 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 What is the full name of DNA? | Deoxyribonucleic acid |
| What is the full name of RNA | Ribonucleic acid |
| Give names of the four bases used in DNA and their one letter symbol: | Adenine (A), Guanine (G), Cytosine (C), Thymine (T) |
| What are the DNA base pair rules? | A-T and G-C. (make sure you know this. remember that A-C and T-G is incorrect) |
| To tightly pack DNA into the nucleus, special proteins called ( ) are used to bind DNA and produce a bead-‐like structural unit called ( ), which are tightly packaged to form a large molecule called ( ) that can be seen during metaphase of dividing cells. | Histones, nucleosome, chromosome |
| True or False: 3 billion is the number of base pairs for all 46 human chromosomes found in a single human somatic cell | False |
| What is the term that describes the 22 paired human chromosomes found both in males and females? | Autosomes |
| What is the term that describes the two chromosomes that determines the sex in humans? | Sex chromosomes |
| Human sex chromosome configuration for male is ( ), and female is ( ). | XY, XX |
| In human, somatic cells have ( ) chromosomes, most of which are paired, hence called ( ). | 46, diploid |
| In human, germ cells have ( ) chromosomes, which are not paired, hence called ( ). | 23, haploid |
| The human somatic cell has ( ) chromosomes and they are ( ). The chromosomal content are duplicated before mitosis but their chromatids are still bound together. During the mitotic cell division, each of the chromatids are split apart. After mitotic division is completed, there will be ( ) daughter cells, each of which contains ( ) chromosomes, and thus ( ). | 46, diploid, two, 46, diploid |
| The human germ cell progenitors ( ) has ( ) chromosomes and ( ). The chromosomal content are duplicated before meiosis but their chromatids are still bound together. After the 1st cell division of meiosis is completed, the resulting two daughter cells each contains ( ) chromosomes, and these two cells are ( ). Each of the chromosomes of these two newly divided cells contains two chromatids bound together.During the 2nd cell divisions of meiosis, these two chromatids are split apart.After all of meiosis is completed, each of the ( ) daughter cells--germ cells--contains ( ) chromosomes and thus ( ) | NOT germ cells, 46, diploid, 23, haploid, four, 23, haploid |
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