Unit A Amatomy and Physiology Study Guide
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Created by:
hellokittygurl24 on September 18, 2011
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81 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 Append- | to hang something |
| cardi- | heart |
| cran- | helmet |
| dors- | back |
| homeo- | same |
| logy- | study of |
| meta- | change |
| pariet- | wall |
| pelv- | basin |
| peri- | around |
| pleur- | rib |
| -stasis | standing still |
| -tomy | cutting |
| superior | above |
| inferior | below |
| anterior | front side |
| posterior | back side |
| ventral | front(on animal) |
| dorsal | back(on animal) |
| medial | toward the middle |
| lateral | to the side |
| proximal | closer to the point of attachment |
| distal | farther from the point of attachment |
| superficial | closer to the surface |
| deep | farther from the surface |
| saggital | divides the body into left and right portions |
| coronal | divides body into anterior and posterior portions |
| transverse | divides body into superior and inferior portions |
| Cranial Cavity | frontal sinuses, orbital cavity, eyes, nasal cavities, oral cavities, spegnovial sinuses, middle ear cavity, brain |
| thoracic cavity | lungs, heart, esophagus, trachea, thymus gland, ribs, diaphragm |
| Abdominal cavity | liver, gallbladder,small intestine, large intestine, stomach, kidney, appendix, spleen, pancreas. |
| Pelvic cavity | urinary bladder, uterus, ovaries, prostate, scrotum, testes, vagina, vulva. |
| matter | anything that has weight and occupies space |
| element | a chemical substance with only on etype of atom |
| atom | smallest part of an element that has the properties if that element. |
| What is the most abundant element in the body? | Oxygen |
| Atomic # = | number of protons in an atom |
| atomic weight | the number of protons plus the number of neutrons |
| isotope | an atom that has the same number of protons as other atoms of an element but different number of nuetrons |
| ions | an electrically charged atom or molecule |
| hydrogen bond | a weak chemical bond between a hydrogen atom and an atom of oxygen or nitrogen |
| How are ionic bonds formed | When electrons are completely transferred from one atom to another. Atoms are electrically neutral; but when they gain or lose electrons during bonding, their positive and negative charges are no longer balanced, and charged particles called ions. |
| covalent bond | a type of chemical bond where electrons are shared |
| acid | a subtance that ionizes in water to release hydrogen ions |
| base | any of various water-soluble compounds capable of turning litmus blue and reacting with an acid to form a salt and water |
| organic | carbon containing molecules |
| examples of organic molecules | carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, nucleic acids |
| inorganic | chemical substance that lack carbon and hydrogen |
| Examples inorganic molecules | oxygen, water, salt, carbon dioxide. |
| cardiology | a branch of medicine dealing with the heart and heart diseases |
| immunology | a study of the body's resistance to infectioud diseases. |
| proctology | study of the colon, anus, and rectum |
| radiology | study of x-rays and radioactive substances and their use in the diagnosis and treatment of diseses |
| obstetrics | branch of medicine dealing with pregnancy and child birth |
| gynecology | study of female reproductive system and its diseases |
| opthamology | study of the eyes and eye diseases |
| toxicology | study of poisonus substances and their effect upon body parts |
| neurology | study of the nervous system and its disorders |
| dermatology | study of the skin and its diseases |
| epidemiology | study of the factors determining the distribution and frequency of diseases |
| oncology | study of cancers |
| psychiatry | branch of medicine dealing with the mind and its disorders |
| endocinology | study of hormones |
| pathology | study of structural and functional changes that diseases cause |
| geriatrics | branch of medicine dealing with older individuals and their medical problems |
| pharmacology | study of drugs and their use in the treatment of diseases |
| hematology | study of the blood and blood diseases |
| skeletal system | support the body and allow movement |
| body parts in skeletal system | bones, teeth, ribcage, muscles |
| nervous system | controls responses to change in the surrondings |
| body parts in nervous system | ears, nerves, brain, spinal cord, eyes |
| respiratory system | obtains oxygen and removes carbon dioxide |
| body parts in respiratory system | lungs, trachea, nasal cavity |
| digestive system | make food into small molecules and take theminto the blood |
| body parts in digestive system | intestines, stomach, liver, tongue |
| reproductive system | to produce the next generation |
| body parts in reproductive system | uterus, ovaries, testes |
| circulatory system | transports substances around the body |
| body parts in circulatory system | veins, heart, arteries |
| excretory/ urinary system | get rid of wastes made by the body |
| body parts in the excretory/urinary system | bladder, kidneys |
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