AP Gov (Sabato 10th ed.) Ch. 2 (Part 1)
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14 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 mercantilism | An economic theory designed to increase a nation's wealth through the development of commercial industry and a favorable balance of trade |
| Stamp Act Congress | Meting of representatives of nine of the thirteen colonies held in NYC in 1764, during which representatives drafted a document to send to the king listing how their rights had been violated |
| Committees of Correspondence | Organizations in each of the American colonies created to keep colonists abreast of developments with the British; served as powerful molders of public opinion against the British |
| First Continental Congress | Meeting held in Philadelphia in 1774 in which fifty-six delegates from every colony except Georgia adopted a resolution in opposition to the Coercive Acts |
| Second Continental Congress | Meeting that convened in Philadelphia on May 10, 1775 at which the Olive Branch petition was adopted, George Washington was appointed commander in chief of the Continental Army, and it was decided an army should be raised |
| Declaration of Independence | Document drafted by Thomas Jefferson in 1776 that proclaimed the right of the American colonies to separate from Great Britain |
| Articles of Confederation | The compact among the thirteen original colonies that created a loose league of friendship, with the national government drawing its powers from the states |
| confederation | Type of government where the national government derives its powers from the states (the sum of the power of the states is greater than that of the national government) |
| Shay's Rebellion | A rebellion in 1786 led by Daniel Shays; an army of 1500 angry farmers marched to Springfield, MA, and forcibly restrained the state court from foreclosing mortgages on their farms; caused people the realize how weak the Articles of Confederation were |
| constitution | A document establishing the structure, functions, and limitations of a government |
| Virginia Plan | The first general plan for the Constitution proposed by James Madison; included a bicameral legislature with proportional representation, and an executive and a judiciary chosen by the national legislature |
| New Jersey Plan | Framework for the Constitution proposed by William Paterson; included a one-house legislature with equal representation, a Congress with the ability to raise revenue, and a Supreme Court with members for life |
| Great Compromise | The final decision of the Constitutional Convention that incorporated ideas from both the Virginia and New Jersey plans; included a bicameral legislature (one with equal rep., the other with proportional rep.), and made the national law supreme |
| Three-Fifths Compromise | An agreement reached at the Constitutional Convention that said that each slave counted as three-fifths of a person for purposes of determining population for representation in the House of Representatives |
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